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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCarli and Schulenburg AdditionNorth Fourth Street A History of the South Half of the Carli & Schulenburg Addition Residential Area Stillwater, Minnesota by Donald Empson Sycamore Street Funded in part by a grant from the National Park Service Administered by the Minnesota Historical Society And The Heritage Preservation Commission of the City of Stillwater St. Croix River Members of the Stillwater Heritage Preservation Commission HOWARD LIEBERMAN (CHAIR) 914 S. GREELEY STREET STILLWATER JEFF JOHNSON 309 S. FIFTH STREET STILLWATER BRENT PETERSON 502 W. CHURCHILL STREET STILLWATER DI HARK 150 S. THIRD STREET STILLWATER ROGER TOMTEN 718 S. FIFTH STREET STILLWATER PHIL EASTWOOD 301 W. MYRTLE STREET STILLWATER BETH DIEM 670 S. BROADWAY STILLWATER Cover: This house at 1122 N. Broadway, built in 1886 by Christopher Carli, Jr., is one of the most significant historic homes of this neighborhood. A History of the South Half of the Carli & Schulenburg Addition esidential Area 1., 1 • STILLWATER, MINNESOTA Researched and Written by DONALD EMPSON EMPSON ARCHIVES P.O. Box 791 STILLWATER, MN 55082 (651) 351-0172 OCTOBER, 2001 Funded in part by a Grant from the National Park Service Administered by the Minnesota Historical Society And The Heritage Preservation Commission of the City of Stillwater ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION FUND SUPPORT AND NONDISCRIMINATION POLICY This project has been financed in part with Federal funds from the National Park Service, Department of Interior, through the Minnesota Historical Society under provisions of the National Historic Preservation Act as amended. However the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior. Under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the U.S. Department of Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, or handicap in its federally assisted program. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program activity, or facility as described above, or if you desire further information, please write to: Office of Equal Opportunity, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C., 20240. TABLE OF CONTENTS Map of Survey Area Page iii Thank you Page iv Lydia Page 1 The Fever Page 7 The Crash Page 10 Soldiering On Page 12 The Two Attractions Page 15 The Early Houses Page 34 The Houses of the 1880's Page 42 North Broadway in the 1880's Page 47 North First Street in the 1880's Page 50 North Second Street in the 1880's Page 61 North Third Street in the 1880's Page 69 North Fourth Street in the 1880's Page 70 St. Croix Street in the 1880's Page 71 Stillwater Street in the 1880's Page 74 Wilkin Street in the 1880's Page 74 Two Public Works Projects Page 76 Christopher Dies Page 76 Houses of the 1890's Page 77 Lydia Dies Page 82 After the Turn of the Century Page 83 Appendix A —Building Dates (by date Page 111 Appendix B—Building Dates (by address Page 117 Appendix C—City Directory: 1894-95 Page123 Appendix D—City Directory: 1930-31 Page 131 Appendix E—City Directory: 1956 Page 135 Bibliography Page 139 Recommendations Page 141 Index Page 145 ii The South One -Half of the Carli Schlulenburg Addition to Stillwater 303 20 City of 1 12 -1-223-- CITY MAP OF SURVEY AREA i 1. 1-Til. , „• 12 - 1.IT. .1' 12 . Ot /'r 12 ' ri7 1r• 1124 EST WILKINS STREET `���3:Z�Tf; DIji -203 1wat[ desyeeSurvey Area 300 Feet Engineering Department 300 0 1" =300' Thank you to the Following: Craig & Jeannine Hoffbeck Ron Churchill Rex & Anne Martin Brent Peterson John Ludwig Jim Johnson Evelyn Peterson James & Viola Russell Beverly Finley Patricia Peterson Angela Anderson Fred Bassett Larry Schmitz St. Croix Collection, Stillwater Public Library Washington County Historical Society and especially Norman Kollander iv "I take delight in history, even its most prosaic details, because they become poetical as they recede into the past. The poetry of history lies in the quasi -miraculous fact that once, on this earth, once, on this familiar spot of ground, walked other men and women, as actual as we are to -day, thinking their own thoughts, swayed by their own passions, but now all gone, one generation vanishing after another, gone as utterly as we ourselves shall shortly be gone like ghost at cock -crow. This is the most familiar and certain fact about life." George Macaulay Trevelyan An Autobiography Dedicated to Kathleen Vadnais my wife, partner, editor, research associate, proofreader, caretaker v The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater LYDIA ixteen-year-old Lydia Ann Brown was entranced with her first view of Chicago in 1834. What had only a year or two earlier been a minor trading post at a swampy river delta was now a flourishing city of over 2,000 residents. With the opening of the Erie Canal, Chicago had become the gateway to the West, and fortunes were to be made in hotels, real estate, and retail goods for the trail west. Compared to Springfield, Pennsylvania, from whence she had just arrived, Chicago was the bright promise of the future. Moreover, a fortuneteller back in Springfield had told her she would meet the man of her dreams her first day in Chicago. Accompanied by her aunt, she checked into the Eagle hotel on Water Street. On their first day at the hotel her aunt sent her down to the dining room for a pitcher of water. Dressed in a pink muslin dress with a low neck and short sleeves, a picture of rustic beauty from the backwoods, Lydia encountered the proprietor of the hotel, Paul Carli, in the dining room. She immediately realized he fit the description given her by the fortuneteller back in Springfield. Paul Carli was a handsome young man of 29, born in Italy of a merchant father, wealthy, educated, an artist painter, and an accomplished musician. Lydia, in penurious circumstances since the death of her father six years earlier, had " dodged along any way, picking wool, or spinning, or doing anything I could get,..." She saw her opportunity. Within six weeks, she became the bride of Paul Carli. She later wrote: "As I never let anything good pass me, I married him —not for love, for I left my heart in Springfield —but I wanted money, and that I got." Alas for Lydia, Paul — whatever his other talents — proved to be a bad businessman. By 1840, he and Lydia had lost their two downtown Chicago prime properties, and, hounded by creditors, had been forced to move some 35 miles west where he homesteaded a farm. The family of two had expanded to include two children, as well as Lydia's mother, and Lydia's two younger brothers. Christopher Carli was Paul's younger brother. Born in Germany in 1811, Christopher was educated at Heidelberg University where he studied medicine. He emigrated to the United States in 1832, first settling in Buffalo, New York, where he practiced medicine for three years. Dissatisfied with his new country, he returned to Europe for two years. But restless by nature, he came back to the 1 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Brown's] at times called a great many nimble choppers and other workmen, thorough -bred white people and half breeds, to their feet in that old house. It was the scene of much innocent hilarity. "2 Within three years, Paul and Lydia, with their family built a two-story house near the mouth of Bolles Creek in what is today Afton. Christopher Carli remained at Tamarack House, although as the only doctor within 100 miles, he spent much of his time traveling from patient to patient. His obituary in the Stillwater Messenger of November 12, 1887, recalled that: `During this period, the practice of Dr. Carli in its range of territory covered not only the customary trips to Sunrise, Fort Snelling and Red Wing, but as he was the only physician in the northwestern portion of Wisconsin territory, he was often called to points at a greater distance. 'One of his patients was an Indian princess, daughter of Little Crow, chief of the Sioux nation, his headquarters being sometimes in Washington, sometimes in Ramsey, and sometimes in some other county.' On one occasion the doctor went to Red Wing to visit a patient and traversed thirty miles of the distance on skates, an Indian runner preceding him to make sure that the ice was safe." In March of 1846, the ill-fated Paul Carli drowned when his small canoe overturned while retrieving a duck he had shot, and he was unable to swim in the heavy clothes he was wearing. Shortly thereafter, Lydia, trailing her five children, returned to Dacotah to work at Tamarack House, which had taken on a new identity as a saloon and hotel. After the prescribed year of mourning, Dr. Christopher Carli, and his sister- in-law, Lydia Ann Carli, were married by Joseph R. Brown who was, by then, Justice of the Peace for the Stillwater Precinct, St. Croix County, Wisconsin Territory. They left the Tamarack House and what was by now the abandoned town site of Dacotah and moved a half -mile south to the bustling town of Stillwater where the Doctor built an office and pharmacy, and, with Brown as a partner, dealt in logs.3 As a part of the lumber business executed by "Brown & Carli", Dr. Christopher rafted logs down the St. Croix and Mississippi rivers to St. Louis, Missouri, a flourishing city where the demand for lumber was insatiable. In the course of his travels, he must have met with the German-born Frederick 2 The [Stillwater] Messenger, November 12, 1887. 3 Several sources contributed to this biographical sketch. Fifty Years in the Northwest by W.H.C. Folsom, Pioneer Press Company, 1888, page 52-54; History of the St. Croix Valley, Augustus Easton, ed, H.C. Cooper, Jr. & Co, Chicago, 1909, page 7-16; Joseph R. Brown, Adventurer on the Minnesota Frontier, 1820-1849 by Nancy & Robert Goodman, Lone Oak Press, [1996], see Index; Stillwater Messenger, December 19, 1896; Obituary of Christopher Carli, Stillwater Messenger, Nov. 12, 1887. 3 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Schulenburg and Adolphus Boeckeler of the St. Louis lumbering firm of Schulenburg and Boeckeler. Eager to take part in the harvest of the virgin white pine of the St. Croix Valley, Frederick Schulenburg traveled to Stillwater in the summer of 1853 to look for a mill site. He must have been pleased, for he purchased, among other property, Government Lots 2 and 3 of Section 21, an area that is today roughly bounded by E. Alder Street, E. Sycamore Street, N. Fourth Street, and the St. Croix River.` On his property, he built a large sawmill, and established a company town. The remainder of the riverfront, north from Battle Hollow (the site of what was to be the Territorial Prison) to what was to be E. Sycamore Street, approximately 92 acres, belonged to Dr. Christopher Carli who had acquired it from the original claim of Joseph R. Brown and the town site of Dacotah.5 See Figure 1 below. Section 28 NW 1/4 Gov't Lot 1 4 F Deeds 26 5 18 Deeds 239, B Deeds 130 T.30N R.20W Section 21 [line of Center Street] Lake St. Croix Figure 1 ' - Siiruey:�ire : . - (N :172 -Catili &: - �Cli�l.eitburg) - 1V 4 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater In January of 1854, Dr. Christopher Carli and Frederick Schulenburg platted their combined properties into Carli and Schulenburg's Addition to Stillwater.c This was the first addition to the Original City map, and its 57 Blocks more than doubled the physical size of Stillwater, and extended the city boundaries along the waterfront over a mile north. The Original City had been platted parallel to the River, at about a 78° angle. The Carli & Schulenburg Addition was platted due north and south without regard for the river The gradual right bend (when going north) in N. Fourth Street between W. Maple and W. Hickory Streets indicates the transition between the two plats. Carli and Schulenburg might well have platted a new village with another name, but they perhaps surmised that the sale of their city lots would be enhanced by the name of Stillwater. With this addition, they added a number of new lumbering related street names to the city map. The new east -west streets were named for trees: Elm, Aspen, Orange (now Wilkin), Magnolia (now Stillwater), Almond (now St. Croix), Sycamore, Juniper (now vacated), Spruce (now vacated), Balsam (now vacated), Poplar, Willow, Hazel, and Alder. For the north -south streets they continued the numbered streets from the original city plat: First, Second, Third, Fourth, but they added Broadway and Lake Street. Setting a pattern for future developers in Stillwater, they did not designate any part of their large addition as a public square or parkland. Christopher and Lydia Carli were now the owner of Blocks 1 to 23 of the Carli and Schulenburg's Addition; (see Figure 2, page 6). Frederick Schulenburg owned Blocks 24 to 57. On his property, Schulenburg built a mill and a mill town that was first named Charlottenburg; later it was known as Dutchtown.7 But Christopher and Lydia Carli had no such grand plans or resources for their property. It was to develop in a much different and slower manner. And that is the story we have to tell. 6 A Plats 49 7 The story of Dutchtown is told in A History of the Dutchtown Residential Area Stillwater, Minnesota by Donald Empson, Empson Archives, 1998. 5 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater :.f.9. 01,5 0 ----'15.F2— v , 6 i o /50 ISO ,.-5 o 6 /50 I '3 — I.5 I, ‘' 5 i /50 /5'0 V r 4 IS 0 ,,,, ., /50 / , 5 2 80 7 (.5' YCAMORE Sr )50 ,.so 0 00 /3'o / 2 `) •,!. 4 3 7Y 2 /5-0 2 3 STILL wolif...,c2„ 75 61 1,10 1.5'0 /50 7.9.7 3 150 V, .5 o 4 3 7 /50 /6'0 72.7 L./3 ik—K i /2.1 1 / 5-6 • 5 /50 ▪ 5 , • r " 4 3 , 5 0 0 2 '. /50 6 /50 750 tn c?. 5 2 '0 91 o q 3 %) /5 .., 15'0 ELM 60 • o 30 • 5 /0 2 50 4 • 3 •1 '3 7o. z 70. 9 — 43) / 5 2 /50 .5 6 1 iSo (ID S T 654 /50 67.1 ..5 , 6/. CO 150' /50 o o /5 5 2 2 2 /3'v ( ALMOND 1- 750 /50EL° k 7 / mAalloLIA 0 1,50 e) 150 2 4 go /50 DRANGiE hl i 5 o V. /50 /50 in Lo o 0 4 /5 0 4:9 u 2 V o s u, 3 ASPEIV 130 ,50 2 /50 3 6 2 15.0 3 0 0 , 150 ti /6 V / 5 5 i /50 Ci 0 0 ... , 0 2 3 ' '30 /50 is-0 0 0 4 3 ..`: /SO /5-0 (00 o o 6 /50 I /E v v . o 5 2 0 `s?.. i )50 5 1.5-0 - 5.? 4 333 ., /5-0 454 • /5p o 6 15 0 o i o , L50 ' r?. ° i 5' / 5 0 150 4 .1 / ,5 0 LT 0 — 154) t;-5---"` 23 -7Z7-1- , 4 0 1 5-0 ' ‘o 41 /5-0 40 /6'0 1.'; 3 /50 a4 '!."o trf,‘ 33 32 3 1 16"0 (50 30 50 2 9 /50 'A. e • The plat of this neighborhood showing the original street names, the blocks and lot numbers. From the 1877 Sectional Map of Stillwater from Accurate Surveys by Myron, Shepard ) , ))•:). t): 6 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater THE FEVER O n the western frontier of the United States, the 1850's were boom years, and optimism was at an all-time peak. The eastern part of Minnesota, and its cities, including Stillwater, were growing rapidly, and the one thing every newcomer needed was land: land to farm, land to live on, land for commercial enterprise. The businessmen of Stillwater were well aware of this demand, and many of them bought tracts of land to develop into building lots. Carli & Schulenburg's Addition was only the first of 20 additions made to Stillwater in the 1850's. Stillwater began with a sawmill in 1844. Five years later, when Minnesota became a Territory, the population was estimated at 609.8 A year later the population had jumped to 1,052. Most of the residents lived in what is the downtown area today. But boom times lay ahead. Thousands of immigrants were pouring into the Territory, and the price of land was rising rapidly. Through the early 1850's, the price of land doubled, and doubled again. The Territory was struck with the fever of land speculation. With the continuing influx of newcomers, all of whom needed a place to live, how could the price of land not continue to rise — or so the speculator reasoned. When Carli & Schulenburg's Addition was platted in 1854, the speculation in land prices was just beginning in earnest, peaking in the year 1857, when it is estimated that in Minnesota, at least 700 towns were platted into more than 300,000 building lots — enough for 1,500,000 people.9 Stillwater did not escape the speculation fever. The St. Croix Union newspaper was delighted to point out that: "About two years ago, Hersey, Staples & Co. gave $600 for a lot [which] last week sold for $3000 to Mr. Dodge...We add that when Hersey Staples & Co. made the aforesaid purchase, many thought they had given a very high price... but time will prove that the lot will increase as rapidly in value, in the next two years, as it has done in the two just passed. Mr. Dodge has already been offered $500 advance on what he gave. Our faith in Stillwater is unbounded."1° On another occasion, the editor struck back at any who might doubt the future. 8Theodore C. Blegen. Minnesota A History of the State. U. of Minnesota Press. 1963. Page 159. 9William Watts Folwell. A History of Minnesota. St. Paul, The Minnesota Historical Society, 1956. Vol. 1, page 362. 10 St. Croix Union, August 6, 1856. 7 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater `Less than two years ago they sneered at Stillwater's being anything outside the Basin, or Original Limits [of downtown]. We well recollect that we were laughed at, by some, for pitching our tent out in Holcombe's Addition —it being then a wild unbroken, wilderness. But what are now the facts? There are over 100 houses out there now —some of them first class —and about 600 inhabitants. Lots which, when we located there [two years ago] could be had for $25 cannot now be purchased for less than a hundred dollars —and they are constantly rising.. Lots...have been enhanced in value four -fold within the past two years, and the way we read the signs of the times, they lack much of having reached their maximum.11 MORE ADDITIONS Anticipating quick profits in the land, Stillwater entrepreneurs did what others throughout the settled portions of Minnesota Territory were doing: they platted more Additions. The trick was, they reasoned, to buy the land by the acre and sell it by the foot. "STILLWATER FOREVER Another Addition to Stillwater Additions to Stillwater are all the rage now. Within a few days past, Jacob Maerty has sold to Joshua B. Carter and Gov. Ramsey, 140 acres of land lying west of Stillwater and adjoining Holcombe's Addition, for $7000. It is soon to be surveyed into town lots. We rejoice to see this movement. There are now three heavy St. Paul capitalists and speculators deeply interested in Stillwater; viz: R. F. Slaughter, Col. H M'Kenty, and Gov. Ramsey. We are glad to know that. St. Paul speculators are vitally interested here, because it argues that they now see what we saw nearly three years ago; that is, that Stillwater is destined inevitably to be a great place. They now see that Stillwater is not a 'one-horse town, chucked down among the hills in the sand.' They now see that Stillwater has unrivaled advantages -that she has much capital -that a Rail -Road is to come here probably before one runs to St. Paul, and that Stillwater is rapidly advancing in all that contributes to material prosperity and greatness. "12 HURRAH FOR STILLWATER" 11 St. Croix Union, December 5, 1856. 129. Croix Union, December 12, 1856. 8 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater As late as February, 1857, the future looked bright: "Real Estate and Business in Stillwater The price of land in our city and vicinity has advanced with astonishing rapidity during the last two years, and from present appearances we shall see still greater improvements in the future. During the week past Mr. H. R. Murdock purchased ten acres of land adjoining Cooper's Addition, from Mr. Slaughter, for $100 per acre. Two years ago this same land was sold for five dollars per acre. Three thousand seven hundred dollars have been recently offered by Mr. Gorgas, the banker, for a lot on Main, street, corner of Chestnut- 25 -feet front and 80 -feet deep —and refused. The owners —the Messrs. Murdock, Druggists —intend to build a splendid stone building on it in, the spring. This is at the rate of about $150 a front -foot, and be it remembered that the whole lot, of which this is only a part, a little over a year ago, sold for $10 a front -foot. This, to say the least, is a very fair advance. There are yet many splendid investments and fortunes to be made in this city —which is, as yet, in its infancy —and every day presents new evidences of its future greatness...On every side preparations are being made for the erection of capacious ware houses; substantial —and in some instances fine private dwellings, and every thing promises a season of unprecedented prosperity. "13 Christopher and Lydia Carli must have had visions of sugarplums dancing in their heads. With over a 150 large lots for sale — twice that many lots if they were divided in half — the potential wealth was staggering to a couple who eked out a modest living. But there were two impediments to the sale of the Carli's lots. Christopher was a true entrepreneur, and he had his fingers in many pies. He was a physician, and he established the first pharmacy in Stillwater, which he sold in 1854. He started and managed the first bank in Stillwater, and was a member of the first city council. His 1887 obituary read: "Almost all of the early business companies or organizations have his name as one of the proprietors and to his energy and business capacity many of them owed their success."" He also owned a number of other lots throughout the city, particularly in the downtown area. In other words, 13 St. Croix Union, February 13, 1857. 14 Obituary in Stillwater Democrat, November 19, 1887. 9 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Christopher was diversified. Lydia was taking care of their children. She had five children by Paul, and another two children with Christopher. The second impediment was the geography of Carli's lots. The terrain is hilly and uneven, and bisected by ravines. This meant the lots were very difficult to access without the streets being "opened", i.e. graded and filled. In the 1850's, the city, with its meager resources, could not invest the considerable amount of money necessary to provide access to lots far removed from the center of the city. There was only one street leading north, and that was Lake Street along the course of what is today, N. Main Street. As a consequence of these two impediments, the Carli's sold, in these "boom years," fewer than a dozen lots in only five of the entire 23 blocks. And those lots that were sold were almost entirely around the Territorial Prison in Battle Hollow where there was relatively easy access, and work in the vicinity. (See Bird's Eye View map, page 11.) Then things got worse. THE CRASH On the 24th of August, 1857, the Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Company of New York failed; its creditors were forced to default, and a calamitous chain of events spread across the United States. Within two months, almost everybody in Minnesota was in debt; the Minnesota Territory was literally emptied of cash. City lots became virtually worthless. Those who were formerly wealthy found themselves bankrupt. Stillwater boosters were in despair, and the city was never to fully recover its boundless optimism after this Depression of 1857. Writing of St. Paul, Thomas Newson described what was also true of Stillwater: "And then came the terribly hard times. With no money, no values, no property, no business, little or no emigration, no banks, or banks with empty vaults, no courage, no hope, notes due, mortgages foreclosed, men heavily in debt, land depreciated from fifty to seventy- five per cent, no trade, indeed with nothing to trade, no foundation to build on, no one can imagine the frightful condition of affairs in St. Paul in, the latter part of the year 1857 but he who passed through it all... "15 15 T.M. Newson. Pen Pictures of St. Paul Minnesota and Biographical Sketches of Old Settlers. By the Author, St. Paul, 1886. Page 698. 10 The Sou h One -Half of the Car § S \ue bu g Addition to Stillwater 11 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater The Stillwater Democrat, on January 1, 1859, editorialized: "A Happy New Year to our Friends and Patrons. Eighteen hundred and fifty eight, with its panics and monetary convulsions, its depression of trade and depreciation in value of all and every kind of purchaseable and ponderable goods and estates, has, thank goodness, departed for ever..." The population of Stillwater had declined, and all plans for the future were put on hold. A couple of the local banks, not being able to obtain cash, printed their own bank notes, and Washington County was forced to issue its own scrip payable against tax dollars that were difficult, if not impossible, to collect. Like other businessmen, Carli was deeply in debt, and unable to pay his creditors. One creditor, Cornelius McCarthy, attached several of his blocks, and it was not until a decade later with the help of Frederick Schulenburg, that he was able to regain possession. However, unlike most of the other speculators, Carli was able to pay the taxes on his property, and avoid seizure by the state for back taxes. SOLDIERING ON In the decade of the 1860's, the Civil War period, lot sales were slightly more brisk. Most of the sales took place in Blocks 1, 6, and 7. (Bird's Eye View, page 11). Block 7 contained 23 commercial lots backed into the hillside along the main street, Lake Street. As the decade progressed, many of these lots were sold, and the buildings upon them increased in value, thereby increasing the value of the unsold lots up on the bluff. One lot in particular, Lot 23, seemed to attract the greatest number of new owners. Encompassing what would today be the cliff on the north side of E. Elm Street, between N. Main Street and N. First Street, the lot was divided among an increasing number of new owners. The Bird's Eye View Map of 1870 (see page 11) shows three buildings in that area; they may have been, in some way, connected with the prison that they abutted. Francis Aiple, a local brewer, had a $700 building listed in the assessor's records for Block 6, Lots 4 & 5 as early as 1861. Because he was then working as a brewer on the south end of Stillwater and because of the high valuation, it seems unlikely this would have been a house, but rather a commercial structure of some sort. (The 1870 Bird's Eye View Map indicates a large two-story building in the vicinity.) 12 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater What was perhaps the first house built on Carli's lots was on Lot 2 of Block 6, a small $200 structure the assessor noted in 1861 as the "house of Guanilla Curti." Today this lot is the location of a 1950's house at 904 N. First Street. In the ravine on the west side of Second Street N., there was a small building owned first by Peter Kattenberg, and later, by Joseph Wolf. Today that lot is the location of a newer house at 902 N. Second Street. In the 1870's, as Stillwater continued to grow, and as the streets were gradually extended up the hills from the center of town, the interest in Carli's lots increased. Shortly before his 60th birthday, in September of 1871, Christopher, hoping no doubt to show some profit in the face of Stillwater's increasing population, made a concerted effort to sell his lots in the addition he had platted 17 years earlier. By way of promotion, there was an article in the Stillwater Gazette of September 5th: Improvements in Carli's Addition By the courtesy of Dr. Carli, we enjoyed a pleasant ride yesterday through his addition in the northern part of the city. A new survey has recently been made of the entire property, lots staked out, and the Doctor has a large force of men — about forty, besides several teams — engaged in grading streets so as to render it accessible for teams by an easy ascent. The city has built out in that direction so rapidly during the past few years, that these lots have become very desirable, located [a couple of words missing] eminence, with a magnificent view of the entire city, as well as the beautiful Lake St. Croix and the village of Hudson. These lots will be sold at low figures, and a rare opportunity is presented to those desiring to locate in the pleasantest portion of the city. A well,16 160 feet in depth, was dug many years ago, on an elevated part of the addition, and a large pump placed therein, but time and neglect have wrought their inevitable results. The well, however, is to be cleaned out, and the pump reorganized, which will afford an inexhaustible supply of pure water. In addition, to this, the Doctor intends to drive by machinery, a never -ceasing volume of water from a large and beautiful spring below the bluff, sufficient to supply the whole addition. 16 This well and pump were on the east side of E. Elm Street about two-thirds of the way up the hill between N. Main and N. First Streets. It appears on the 1884 Sanborn Atlas, but is missing — after they opened E. Elm Street — in the 1888 Sanborn Atlas. 13 Valuable property IS eXpo ed. I Furgeson akota coun- •ely for an, altercation As,Fnrge- leaTq-*tl" 8 nm behind a k Fnrgesolt niece ofcord- a 'died -next as arrested. ,ell In the Anthony line which, Utah street otldlwards. .es ashore In by the ,tar -Ins tru- lIr chance- nppolnted .wman will entlflo revs- 1n pohlt• of tplaInte are 'mpt to take !et, then w feet ale f C.J. DU. stonewall his place, s have or- . Mille all II concur in pe, necessl- r grade and .ve mnstad- o upon Mr. lose several thlo ground al hundred I so doing. street. the s found- to It•flve feet. ngth of the nlnn'a lot a he opposite ,ce from the and act it A public lecture will begin earl' idle y. of the ants Gnur evening of the session. School olll- g ecru, prreiits. and all friend& af odu- cation are invited to be present. Homesteads hi Polk County. The County Board of Supervisors of Polk County, Wis., at n recent session, resolved to give away t.o an- 'tual settlers any of the county hands open which they would settle and make improvements. The Polk County Trees says that "already sev- eral homesteads have been taken up- on these lender -and several persons are bunting tip, desirable locations with a view to availliig themselves o. this most liberal offer'' The County Clerk is authorized to sell all the tax certificates and give a dtxd.to any-80 acres-bolongtng to the county betoro ]R(jR, to the towns of Alden and Luck. "The clerk shall on receiving proof that finch person or persons will ifulld a house upon and occupy and possess such land no a llome*cnd, shall sell 90 acres of hand for the sum of $14" Accident to Ron. Antos Coggs- well. A telegram to the St. Paul Pioneer doted Owatonna, Sept: 9. says that. Hon. Amos Coggswoll, while going from town to lttn.ffrm, about 7 miles in the conntry, ineb with a severe nc- erent last evening. IIia team took fright, ran away, and throwing him out of the vehicle, dislocated his shoulder. Admission to the Fair. the people _ that inso- Admis=Ion to the Minneapolis Lair f property is fixed at fifty cents ibr each person, , Inapt their except on the two days of the great ,ulldings In races vyhen the fee will ,be one dollar dal survey, tor each person. a to be ab- For teams the admission fee will ale peradven- —for single teams, fifty cents, for ndemn all double teams, one dollar. On the street, and daysaf the races the admission fee •rcfor. will be double these flgarea. This Is in adclitlon . to the regular. admission ington• fee of fifty cents for each person. Extensive and fin pie facilities have been provides for hitching teams outside, and a sufficient police will be detailed to take charge- of them. JvsT So. --An exchange 'gives alto' to -that glass of people who _are_eterti- na1ly crying out for patronage to home industry, and who, when they wish to see the news about town bor- row the paper from their more Ilber al neighbor. We agree with the'ex- change,'that _AO men are humbugs, nnl1 deserve very- little patronage. n i1IAlRltr1'.. At the residence of Rev. E. D. Whiting, Taylor's Falls, by Rev. 0. •1'.I;aUln, aln..l. W. PAaalIOItIC, of t'blppuwa Fall■, to )Ito* 1fAxr `fatlrI, of Taylor'. Fall]. We clip the following from the Polk County 1'rr.'n. The many fricll.ls of 31r. Pasoiu!Qre Jon this city, where he Is well known, will Join us In best wishes for the happiness of himself and fair bride. NEW ADVEETISI,MENTS. CITY- LOTS AT 4UCTIO ! FIVE .HUNDRED LOTS In Curli's Addition, adjoining the Peni- tentiary, au.•tll 41+d n1:nl- Thursday, Sept. 20, 1871. Com,nencing at 10 o'clock A. )f., and con- tinuing until the luta nth sold. TERMS. -Cash, or otto-half casts, balance ea LIWu whit lattlt.L Warrantee Deed Given on FI- nal Payment. C. CARLI. Stillwater, Sop!. 12, 1g71, 7.2w Important Announcement! We have cow pleuxl an arrangement with the puulnsnor. 01 100 St. Paul Press, The Leading paper of 'the Northwest, nhu.oby weare uu.oludtofu ru6l theta AX- arru, nod we err,. cur the tow pact ul'1 sou 0u11..111 1•101 r l(ly cents per year. 'A'u.. W.11 auabie our rea./011W socure tau Iwpn ra at but lotto more than the usual prlw calone. r.Vor) tarty .huutd cat 01n:4 arntl thu4o- 000000 010111 I luornl oaur. Come Forward and Subscribe. • AN OR'DINANCI • To Arwend an Ordlniance entltl..1 ••-ln Unitnnnee- ltelativo to Drains. (Arta, —.11aekntUmalb user.-and_OLLnr oleo, lrasaed A..gast lst, 18716. The City Council of the City of Stillwater doordain aefullolrs: • Nt:O, 1:19.nt Section 000 (1) of the above entitled ordnance be and the same Is herb - by amended by entitling at the end of said u ctiou, taw following wont.; viz: ' Provided, that this ontiuuuoe shall not be construed w apply to any pun.un or persons transporting or deli Bring thelrown goods, ware., And n.erchuod he, or articles of their own manufnc lure north any porwna enaa¢- Horses, Harnesses, Oarriages, and the good will of Well Established Livery Business. The location Is far nlper(or to any Other In the city. Barn New and Commodious, and the .bock of bones, harnesses and carriages Is In Every :Eespeot FIRST -GLASS, and the Business In n Flourishing Condition. The continued Ill -health of the subscriber Is sign only reason why h0 desires to dispose of the property. Fur priers and tarots call on, or eddies* W. C. HEMI'NTEAD. 1illllrcater, Mlan. 1'nlil a sale is mode the Livery Business will l,r cal Motion as heretofore. Carriages will always be In attendance at'thedepot pow the arrival of all trains to ware) s.Ongen to any part of the ally. Jere Ica at the office for carriages will be promptly attended 1n. t.twl'tenms, oareful drivers, and reason- able terms. 3-tf CALIFORNIA WINE SALOON WO have Just received, at our place, Main St. nett door to Lake House A LOT OF GENUINE California Wines, AND PORT, CLARET, And other Genuine Winer R•AI.TIR L CO. Livery Stable. • :Cl. A. BitOMIXY: t Chestnutitrcet, Stlllwnlor, )Minnesota.. Excellent : Horses and Carriafres TINWARE STEAMBOAT', ILL AND LoCOMOTIVa WORK 0. PEOMPTLY ATTENDED T( TIN.jAND IRON ALL WORK The newspaper ad placed by Christopher Carli in September of 1871, announcing the auction of his Tots. It was not successful. Most lots in this Addition were sold in the 1880's. From The Stillwater Gazette, September 12, 1871. 14 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater This newspaper "puff' piece was followed the next week by notice of an auction of `five hundred lots [I] in Carli's Addition,, adjoining the Penitentiary, north and west." (See page 14) However, either the auction was not held, or there were almost no sales, for the land records record very few purchases in the fall of this year. But the following year, business picked up. All of Block 12 (between N. Third & N. Fourth Streets; between W. Wilkin and W. Stillwater Streets) was sold to local businessman, Dwight Sabin, for $1,000 in August of 1872.17 The first sales in Block 9 and Block 23 were in 1873; that same year, Russell Pease, a lumberman, bought Lots 2, 3, 4, & 5 in Block 4 for $700.18 (Those four lots remain in a single estate at 903 N. Fourth Street). The first sales in Block 10 were in 1874. The first sales in Block 17 & Block 22 took place in 1875. The first sales in Blocks 2 & 3 & 11 took place in 1877. Blocks 13, 14, & 15 saw their first sales in 1879. In June of 1877, the State of Minnesota, exercising the right of Eminent Domain, paid off the owners, and took A11 of Block 1 of Carli's addition to expand the prison.19 THE TWO ATTRACTIONS here were two attractions that Carli's lots centered on, and this is reflected in the manner in which the neighborhood developed. The first attraction was the Territorial Prison in Battle Hollow, and the industries associated with it. The Prison itself gave employment to a number of residents who chose to buy these lots because they were close to work. In those days, nearly everyone walked to and from work. A second major industry in Stillwater was situated both in the Prison and in two large buildings located on N. Main Street across from the Prison. It was Seymour, Sabin and Company, and its several offshoots. You cannot fully understand the Stillwater of the 1870's and 1880's, and the development of this neighborhood with knowing about this company. George Seymour was born in New York in 1829. At the age of 29, he came to Stillwater as a carpenter, and two years later, in 1861, he was awarded the contract for constructing additional buildings at the Prison. Dwight Sabin arrived in Stillwater in 1867 with his mother and younger brother, and some experience at managing his deceased father's business. The two men combined to form the Seymour, Sabin and Company, which, in 1870, built the hospital within the Prison walls, and deputy warden's house adjacent to the Prison. 17 X Deeds 178 18 W Deeds 499 19 3 Deeds 13 15 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater By then, the two men had connections, and they were able to rent the shops at the prison, using the convicts as a cheap labor force to manufacture doors, sash, blinds and barrels. In 1874, the business was extended to include the manufacture of agricultural implements. Their "Minnesota Chief' soon became the best-selling threshing machine in the world, and employment inside the prison walls and across the street soon reached close to a 1,000 men, including some 350 convicts. Seymour became less and less involved in the Company, while Dwight Sabin became its President. Sabin — and his business methods — were not universally popular by any means. One Stillwater newspaper, The Messenger, which billed itself as "The FEARLESS Foe of RINGS and RASCALITY in BOTH PARTIES'2° had little time for Sabin, frequently referring to him as "Boss Sabin and his prison ring." As the company became larger and more profitable, there was increasing scrutiny of their use of the cheap prison labor, and in spite of their considerable political power, over time, new contracts for the prison labor were written that did not give such an advantage to Seymour, Sabin and Company. As their competitive advantage in labor costs dwindled, and the Company began losing money, they turned to the city of Stillwater. In 1881, the Stillwater City Council voted to give the company $100,000 to be financed by city bonds. In return, Seymour Sabin & Co. agreed, among other conditions, to build 100 houses within the city,21 and try to arrange the erection of another 100 houses through private parties. Furthermore, the company agreed to pay the interest on the bonds, if they could be exempt from any taxes on their real property, including their industrial properties.22 Then as now, the City Council was amenable to corporate welfare when it meant jobs, and they issued the bonds, to be followed by a second issue of another $100,000. But even this was not enough: The Messenger editorialized: `Boss Sabin on Thursday introduced in the house a bill for an act authorizing the city of Stillwater to issue $20,000 in bonds for current expenses. The boss has been instrumental in causing the issuance of $200,000 in bonds by our city within, four or five months, mostly for his own benefit, and now he kindly enables us to issue $20,000 in bonds to pay expenses which should not have been incurred. When our tax is four per cent, as it will be within two years, the people will curse the boss in unmeasured terms for piling a mountain load of indebtedness on their shoulders.'23 20 Pryor & Co's Stillwater City Directory, 1876-77, page 23 21 Most of these houses were built in Sabin's Addition. 22 The [Stillwater] Messenger, September 3, 1881 23 The [Stillwater] Messenger, October 29, 1881. 16 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 'Boss Sabin thinks perhaps the men who voted the $30, 000 steal from the state treasury for his benefit might consider themselves in honor bound to send him to the U.S. senate. The boss sighs for other states and nations to conquer. He has sucked our city and state almost dry, and he must have plunder or he can not enjoy good health. "24 Not everyone shared this view of the company. Adroitly avoiding the issue of corporate welfare, a second Stillwater newspaper, The Lumberman, representing the corporate interests of the city, wrote in December of this same year: A Corner Stone of Prosperity When our readers see it stated that Seymour, Sabin & Co. employ about 850 citizens, or when, they read the amounts of money paid to employees on the 15th of every month, they need no farther argument as to the material benefit Stillwater receives at the hands of that great and growing corporation. But Stillwater is to be congratulated chiefly, not on the number of mouths the firm mentioned, feeds here, nor on the large amount of money distributed every month through the channels of local trade, but more on the character of the men drawn together by the demands of Seymour, Sabin & Co's business. It is the standing, not the number of men on which true present prosperity and bright future prospects are founded, and the men gathered here by the business of this great company could not easily be succeeded were they taken away. In church and school and society; in all public enterprises, in local charities, and every measure for the promotion or religion, education, or business, Seymour Sabin & Co's men will be found active, prominent, and doing most effective work. They are of all creeds, and of all shades of political belief, but the nature of their work demands intelligence and activity, and men do not leave activity or intelligence behind when they step out from the shop into the world. It is in this direction this city receives greatest good from the 'prison ring."' 25 In 1882 Seymour, Sabin and Company effectively merged their industrial interests into the Northwestern Manufacturing & Car Company with capital stock worth $3,000,000 — most of it purchased by eastern investors. However, the original company, Seymour, Sabin & Co., retained their identity to continue managing their real estate and iron ore interests. This new company, Northwestern Manufacturing & Car Co. would have been a large company in any town, but in Stillwater, it was a major industry. They had 19 acres of shop floor, 24 The [Stillwater]Messenger, October 15, 1881. 25 The Lumberman, December 16, 1881. 17 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater and $6,000,000 invested in the company, much of it in the form of stock held by wealthy men outside Stillwater. According to one source, they could manufacture 15 freight cars, 10 farm wagons, 6 threshing machines, 5 horse powers [engines], 2 farm engines, and $1,000 worth of sash, doors, and blinds — all this in one day! 28 As might be expected, Dwight Sabin, the president of this glorious enterprise, was a local hero to many, and the people responded by electing him first to the Minnesota Legislature, and, in 1883, to the United States Senate — the only United States Senator ever to live in Stillwater. In 1884, pressed by debts they could not pay, The Northwestern Manufacturing & Car Co. went into bankruptcy. They — and several subsidiary corporations they had spun off — would continue to operate, but the profits would go to pay off the stock and bondholders. One of the many trials and litigations concerning these companies was held in Stillwater in 1886. Present were such dignitaries as H. H. Porter of Chicago, President of the Chicago -Northwestern Railway, a stockholder; two former Justices of the Minnesota Supreme Court acting as attorneys, two U. S. Senators, and a myriad of other attorneys and stockholders.27 The litigation gave a profitable living to local attorneys for years, while many employees in the industries had to find new jobs. One corporation, the Minnesota Commercial Company, was formed exclusively to dispose of the real estate once held by Seymour, Sabin & Co., and in the case of at least one home at 1121 N. Fourth Street, it was 1907 before the property was finally sold to a private party. No longer a hero, Dwight Sabin was defeated in his bid for re-election to the U.S. Senate, and he eventually died in Chicago in December 1902 at the relatively young age of 59.28 26 Stillwater City Directory, 1887, E. F. Barrett, Publisher. Page 20-21. 27 "Court Battles In Stillwater During Lumber Era Recalled by Fred Gail" Stillwater Daily Gazette, August 18, 1943. 28 There were several sources of information used. Among them were: Brent Peterson, United States Senator, DwightM. Sabin in the St. Croix Valley Press, August 3, 2000; Fii Years in the Northwest by W.H.C. Folsom, Pioneer Press Company, 1888, pgs. 417 & 431; History of the St. Croix Valley, Augustus Easton, ed, H.C. Cooper, Jr. & Co, Chicago, 1909, pgs 116 & 117. 18 (31� tl• .1 sat AZ AZt;y"i-8st i►ND • CHEAP OTHER STORE IN TOWN, "fir are; new and bought • Ca Cf irni+h n better tn'ey. Afl who tea ortfl, tbetr at my STO i innenotn House, ,MBE'S and CI , :N' AT 90 , CENTS ). 1 rll7I1T. r- 1. 185.4. \ ee11-tf 1)IsSOLU•rIoN. \ +hit heretofore existing and mderrigned is this day d> .olvcd ,t. noted to the late fins ul\ 1'. er nut . by ifi.•d to call at�tl,eir Ise same, and alt persons h*yi said late firm are requested\to for adjustment. County and city inty and city taken et par on set T1li O. R. PARKER. J1 UO�WER PKK rev. ornber 3, 1.858. dcell-4w hinting " and , Collection FFICR OF' a & SCHEMER., Minnesota. Exchange, Coin, and uncurrcnt on Eastern cities and Europe. 't. CHARLts tictti►I=i. nl-aim • ON At MURI)OCK,' for lees Y pposito l(ae CK. rders t HnuWfito i, Wooden.: :Ware, GRAIN, ib c.,• &c., Which he will ell S I NOTICE. SEALED PROPOSALS for leasing the wn ksho.e within the yard of the State Prison, for t to ter of five years from the first ttfJannnry next, (ex•:lu- sire of al) the teals and machinery now n tnehed to said shorts) will bo r exited nt the Stab. • 1'"tri4on office, tsrrtil ;,aturdnv, thc 25th day of 1 temper heat, file fenso to 1>o t(olcfetf nft.er fhb furlowing conditions and restrictions, to wit : The rent for thc premises must be raid s�rnl-nn- nunlly, thnt is to say, oo the last Nlunoln' of Jtine an4• Deocmber of each and every rear. t'hc lessee tnust bind himself to find constanten►ploynient for all the convicts confined in the rrisou, and pity for the sntne at the rate of seventy fire cents t>er day for each tonvtet able to work. f Tho money due for convict labor must bo paid quarterly. • All needful rule. for the safe keeping of ntivicts established by the Wurden and inspectors Must be strictly t t,•ycd. All bids roust contain the rignatures of two or more tetras -tilde citizens of this State, pledging themselves to become security for the bidderi should h9 be ruecvsrful in obtaining the lease. A'11 bads wanting either of the above conditions will/`be l nored. The right to refu.e bide so 10 ,cis to be contrary to the interest of the State, s• r eorvt+d. Possession givenon the first day of Februa 1869 For further particular- apply to IIENItl N. sKrzFat, Ws Stillwater, Nov. tith, 14. • Mill — Fur EBTABLIBHED Successors to Todd A Mons, No. 112, Main Street, corner of Morgan Street, se. ST. 1,01.718, Mo. Importers and Manufacturers of FRENCH BURR ..MILL ST NF,S, Dutch Anchor Bolting Clothe, Portable drain MILLS. Chic. rich iedain CtCoc J ugs,,' eli:F.DS,-.- rerh scat getiiiine� a fine assortment tn.e pnetfent season a hl.tt>eint f*?dea K rge iu,1Iwell-selected stock of t . 1 hes j,nd Licq?iior, ��R Ultra! w FiR ort Ct'nelstis g of } . i eA,Ntitct.L'a AL1:, - Mure'r do, clam;, Beater]j!toil, CI'..1Mi'AGNE, . ognac, N. O. Rum, l agne'xnndy, Jamaica dot N Yoltt'd0, , HOLLAND,gIn, MotvngttheI w•' isky, Irish do. (fC►�1'hau;ting he public for past favor", and sa !knit its p(biron gc !or the coming season, I beg leave to refer nt I tends to the above enutners- tion.l 1l FOB A1.D FORSTAILI.. New handing loot of Chestnut street. !al iwnte 1 DeciN• 1858. nl•y ti�D I tSn UI2 G C 0.)1 L II0 ,ME$. & BRADEN, (Stcec ttsori to. ; 11. 1iolmoa,) bailors in , Iron, S -e,s!, (.tool, .N'ai1s, an,eiIs, -Vitus, Bell ,Ws, Wagrm Boxes, Springs and As<loe, Here ...Plater, Nuts, Washers, Chains, , 1 Fit et Iron, Zinc, Axes, • 'Sledges, MPLYYtMt1� 1 S, {{rr�{.b X Pow 1 I'm l4il�r, Crflt}rat,fis, Plows,Ilar.r u acc(e nette tflbbetj, sTFAlt, ,IrclfsTi:s. gr. SAW' MU..LS,. •livere'J It Chicago Prices, Portable rlet Mils, Fite f'rdof Sides, &ve. T I It D r2t E lc r, 131'. PAL/In n3hf • CA FAlei ardine.4 e:+utl e, pmierthta -tit, l',tgqki�e, Lgbetrit, _levelers• te, ' Citridiee, Snaps, Extrae:'ir,'t hnappitt J tlar ey > itl e'li; is tqr, _ . FA;N�. rt, • ;sliver;,.: � . CAP R.&, I Carpet- Sege, • culitur-Cf f11FS, ..Buckcta, TOnse, aketsr `r I ROIL .. & ]OIRIs, Dealer s in °1+. 11tatttdiitciiiir.ero Convict labor at the Territorial Prison was bid out and used by the Seymour, Sabin & Co. Stillwater Democrat, December 11, 1858 19 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Seymour, Sabin & Co f STILLWATER, MINNESOTA, MANUFACTURERS Or Minnesota Chigi The Crowning Success of a Century's Experience 1 Neither a Vibrator nor an Apron Machine, But Combine. Iho Boot rolnta of Both, with Rntlroly New Features of Its Own. IT IS WONDERFUL IN ITS SIMPLICITY. It is the Most Perfect Threshing, Best Grain Cleaning, Great- est Grain Saving, Lightest Running, MOST DURABLE, ECONOMICAL AND PROFITABLE MACHVE IN THE WWI Jot Pries Lists or DeearlpUes Pamphlets, apply u &bOY AiSO, MANUFACTURERS OF Sash, Blinds, Mouldings, Window & Door J Frames, Wooden Ware, Straight and .Circular Stair Rails, 13a usters & Newell Posts. Matching nd Plainir�g, 3a g and Turning," Office, Store and Ha. Furniture, *altlo ` eariclku,tithr-Best'Sttte •ud et the t.ornst Mai. OWE itoNSTANTI..Y ON. HAND Seymour, Sabin & Co. was central to the development of this neighborhood. They manufactured several products quite different from each other. From the Lumberman, December 30, 1881 20 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater NORTH WESTERN CAR and Manufacturing Co. MANuFA(Tr;rtJrls OP OFFICE FURNITURE Desks, Counters, SheIvd Cases, &c1 DOORS, SASH & BLINDS, Mouldings, Window and Door Frames, STRAIGHT AND CIIRCULAR STAIR RAILS, NEWELL POSTS, COR- NICES, MATCHING, SAW- ING, TURNING, PLA- ICING, &C. Brtlgafe• I'rortrpt Fnrot.ited. Sept 1y The Northwestern Car & Manufacturing Company emerged from a part of the Seymour, Sabin and Co. The business was central to the establishment of this neighborhood. Stillwater Gazette, May 11, 1882 21 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater try;+7 r 9!it {'7iRS7.`m� State prison looking west from the front gate. Going to supper. 22 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 0 otf C 00 O • �TT 0 E • U co � U co -rnc y., C o 0 C 4-' �L vn. E • ,0 o o 2 9i ai L f 0 c co t co 0 o . 0 L � O 0 vz3 a0. s- 0 • 0 t c. N — C13 Cr) E V 0�= • N • !_ C o• � .c 0 L 0 E 0 ar 0 0 > 0 0 0 0 0 -a 0 a 0 <.i N 0 N 0 .c H ester Om cm: %MOIL ma. esql. MINIM ass arr vim* ingi 23 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater The Minnesota Chief, made by the Northwestern Manufacturing & Car Co., was for a time, the best-selling threshing machine in the world. Many local residents worked in the factory. From the 1882-83 Stillwater City Directory 111 VINNESOTA 'd!id119d milli@p111:1unlllli[l 1 Pillim I `iiO,p_ ihw�ui� �,iul� Itl- I I IlJI WPntwwuumw The Most Successful Thresher in the World. —The Chief of the 11"1-irerE61ier And its title has been fairly earned by its triumphs over all competitors during the past six seasons. The Minnesota Giant Straw Burpipg EpgipesE- Which is also one of the Most Economical Wood and Coal Burning Engines, and Stillwater £ngines Are the Best in the Market. IMPROVED PITTS, WO�DBffRY And our New Equalizing Horse Powers, with or without Equalizers. For Circulars and Price Lists, address Northwestern Mnfg. & Car Co. Mnfrs. STILLWATER, MINNESOTA. 94 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater THE BEST AND LEAST COMPLICATED THRESHER IN THE MARKET TO -DAY. SEND FOP CIRCULARS AND PRICE LISTS. NORTH-WESTERN MFG. & CAR COMPANY, MANUFACTURERS, S�'IDDWAPo WC 1\T 1\T PAYIESOTA EF BEPARATOR (BELTED 51 D WITH BAGGER. Products made by the Northwestern Manufacturing & Car Co. Courtesy of Washington County Historical Society , \ \II 7/: 0 • 11Mirk-4.I—(9.1e•Vtco-,,w • ,1••••F‘lif - \, -• - •• • - • • • •A STILLWATER ENGINE.* 25 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 26 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 27 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater IA� .. , 1 1 1 1 illiiihil—vc.' s' ',''''' '„ ,:' 7 t \ jIL ,• `' o as O — d d E .Ecoo LO O •L .0 CO V to > cy O L 3s co o �; �O O L06Z N c «t c, �N Z O N co rndE co) Ocs a w N =03 o c N N 03V •M� (i)Z W � Qi L 3 S- Caco+a a. c O •L d I . 7-1 y 3 0 132y z ah z n ii= 3 .C.Q.�Q W •L'' W y Zt L .o - w L aL o ' otos ourtesy of Stillwater Public LibrarA 28 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Ntgraltitittal 29 :BiitiPa:o:<f Pi1PP::IPPF The South One -Half of the Corti Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater The second attraction that developed the neighborhood was the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Company, which had its sawmill on the waterfront slightly north of the intersection of E. Sycamore Street and N. Main Street. (Until the 1940's, E. Sycamore Street extended down the hill from N. Broadway to N. Main Street. It was never opened between N. First and N. Broadway). Most of the German immigrants working for the lumber company lived in Dutchtown (Deutschetown), which was essentially a company town. But there were, particularly in the later years, workers who lived elsewhere, including many who built homes on Carli's lots on the bluff. For the fascinating story of the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Company, see the author's book on Dutchtown.29 The 1880's, in which both these corporations flourished and provided the incentive and jobs necessary to build houses in this neighborhood, were generally years of relative prosperity and peace in both Stillwater and the nation. But these years were also the beginnings of the labor movement in Stillwater, and an effort to change the working day from 12 hours to 10 hours. One such attempt took place in 1881, and was reported in a less than sympathetic fashion: THE LABOR DISTURBANCE An Excitement, of Moderate Proportions on a Small Foundation Prompt Action, of the Mayor and Authorities At five o'clock Wednesday morning 30 or so amen of the C.N. Nelson. Lumber Company mill crew stepped to one side compelling a temporary shut down. These men started for the Schulenberg Boeckeler Lumber Co's mill, being joined on the way by men from the gravel train on Seymour, Sabin & Co's side track. The strikers on reaching the Schulenberg Boeckeler mill urged the men there to quit work, and the men, not complying promptly, manifested a disposition to stop the mill, and remove the men from their places. At this juncture, Ernest L. Hospes, managing member of the firm of proprietors, revolver in hand, told the strikers that any interference with the machinery would be at the risk of life. He told his crew that any men who desired to quit work peaceably could do so, but that those of them who desired to remain at work would be protected. He cleared the mill of all but the crew and work went on as usual. From this mill the strikers went to Isaac Staples' where they met Matt Clark and little encouragement, and marched through the city to Hersey, Bean & Brown's. Here the mayor had a talk with some of them advising them to order, and warning them not to interfere with rights or property. A little later the sheriff and Officer McKusick ordered the 29 A History of the Dutchtown Residential Area by Donald Empson, Empson Archives, 1998. 30 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater crowd to disperse, and there was a general breakup until after dinner. The crowd at Hersey, Bean & Brown's mill was made up largely of boys, and was the quietest crowd of strikers that ever assembled. At noon several of Hersey, Bean & Brown's men quit, but the Nelson mill started with a part of a crew. The strikers again went to Staples' mill where we are informed one man, who went inside was knocked down a flight of steps. Officer Jack Shortall got his grippers on one man who was doing considerable talking and it may be mentioned incidentally that the man went along with Shortall to the lock -up. Mr. Staples say he can make a state prison case against this man and he intends to push it. As there were rumors afloat that steps would be taken in the evening which would swell the strike to formidable proportions Thursday morning, the mayor ordered all saloons closed at 3 p.m. Wednesday as a precautionary measure, and detailed a heavy force of extra police. A meeting of business men was held Wednesday evening, and while every precaution was taken against any steps which might look like bravado or tend to create excitement, such measures were taken as it was believed would in any event protect property, and insure the safety of men who were disposed to work. Mayor Mathews also issued a proclamation promising protection to all who desired to remain at work and giving fair warning that the laws protecting property and labor and prohibiting interference with men engaged in proper avocations would be rigidly enforced. Yesterday morning the mills started at the usual hour. There was something of a gathering at Hersey, Bean & Brown's, but Sheriff Holcomb informed the strikers that the penalty of any interference with hands would be arrest and conviction to State Prison, and they dispersed. A good many of the strikers left town during the forenoon. There were a variety of rumors afloat during the forenoon, but the city as a a whole unusually quiet."3° 3o Stillwater Lumberman, July 29, 1881 31 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 1i1 . ; r...g + r1r • trimmor y A portion of the Bird's Eye View Map of 1879: On the right side is the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Mill at the foot of E. Sycamore Street. Above the mill is the $6,000 mansion of Louis Hospes on North First just north of E. Sycamore. (The house has been demolished.) To the south of the Hospes mansion are 1320 and 1322 N. Broadway and 1323 N. First Street. All of the buildings along N. Main Street north of the Prison are gone. All of the houses on the E. Elm Street hill are gone today, as are the buildings on N. First Street rising from the Prison. The large house toward the center of the map is the Conrad house at 120 W. Wilkin. Just north of that house is the structure at 1121 N. Fourth, the one-time Minnesota Hospital. The Chamber's home at 920 N. Third can be seen at the east end of W. Aspen Street. As you can see, there were not many houses built in the neighborhood. The building boom was in the 1880's. Map Courtesy Empson Archives 32 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater This Sanborn Insurance Map from 1888 shows the footprint of the buildings just north of the Territorial Prison. Notice the houses on the north side of E. Elm Street, and the houses on the west side of N. First Street between E. Elm and E Aspen Streets. All are gone today. Note all the manufacturing buildings within the prison walls: all are gone. What else is missing Today ? Courtesy of the Stillwater Public Library --� _ Ocr• 1888 ra. J' I LM,41A- d l co eeee of .`ci run..... 1,F21•5; wvrJ /e n RARreRS, a f e rI�- _.r= • %NNE _ - xYy .a neer .y. � � I A� �, !43 4. FL � �..J - '3`F"7• • r_ .44 1: • 4ttao8. 3— C. / A 7Yvm7: y.H' h 'lF I I�I Qax. MOH 1117 ■ 33 INC MIN u EMU /J. ,fYG 9r � 11113 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater THE EARLY HOUSES A lmost every one of the houses in this neighborhood are basic workingman's houses of the 1870's and 1880's. They are, frankly, the tract houses of the last century. As one author describes these houses: The balloon frame structural system possesses an internal logic founded on consistent measurements and proportions. The vertical studs are spaced 16 inches apart on center so that they can accept the 48-inch lath on the interior wall. The basic module of 48 inches, if put consistently into practice, would generate standard room sizes as well as regularized placement of doors and windows in both exterior and interior walls. The module of 16 inches is repeated in the spacing of the floor joists and the studs to provide more efficient joining of members and greater structural strength and integrity. If thoroughly understood and applied as a system of building, balloon frame construction would result in a few basic kinds of structures....Local carpenters and farmer -builders did not customarily use plans or blueprints. They did not incorporate an ideal system of measurement and proportion based upon philosophical or practical values in their work. Many vernacular builders relied upon 'a plan in the head,' `knowing how to start, get along, and finish' and using techniques that were passed through tradition or learned through experience. Contractors, carpenters, and farmer -builders intuitively adapted popular designs from professional pattern books, proven plans and elevations from local lumberyards, and `model' houses already built in areas of previous residence or in newly settled areas.'" The earliest houses in this area were all built adjacent to the Prison, and none of these early houses remain today. (See Bird's Eye View Map on page 11) The earliest remaining house in the neighborhood is at 1320 N. Broadway. This was built in 1874 as the home of John and Mary Merrit, from Cape Breton Island and by 1885, their eleven children, (Mary, 12, James, 13, Henry, 11, Stephen, 4, Walter, 3, John 23, Agnes, 9, Lizzie, 2, Alice, 6, Francis, 18, Maggie, 16) all of whom were born in Minnesota. The original structure, home to all thirteen family members, was probably no bigger than three rooms. John Merritt worked at the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Company just down the hill from his house. 32 In April of 1874, Christopher Carli sold one of his lots, (Block 23, Lot 1) to Alexander Payne, a mill hand at the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Co. Within a year, he had built a small house on his property, a house that took the number, 1322 N. Broadway. Within ten years, the house had been sold to a Canadian, 31 Homes in the Heartland; Balloon Frame Farmhouses of the Upper Midwest, 1850-1920. Fred W. Peterson, University Press of Kansas, 1992. Page 38-39. 32 Tax Assessors Records, 1874, SAM 7, Roll 4; 1885 Minnesota Census, family #1731; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887.. 34 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Oliver Lecyeur and his wife Matilda. In the 1920's, Jens and Laura Jensen purchased this house and lived there for the next 40 years. In the early 1930's, the home suffered a fire when Robert Jensen, playing with the matches used for the kerosene lamps on the second floor, started his Dad's shirt on fire. There is a building permit taken out by Jens Jensen in the amount of $200 "for general repair after fire." The contractor was Frank Linner.33 That same year, in September of 1874, Carli sold a building lot to Alexander J. and Annie McDougal. They bought Block 10, Lot 1, on the corner of E. Wilkin and N. Second Streets. They built a small home for themselves and their two children. McDougal worked for Isaac Staples in his mil on N. Main Street. This house remains, considerably altered, at 1024 N. Second Street. 34 The following year, H. J. Chambers, a cashier for the Seymour, Sabin & Co., had built a moderate -sized house (the tax assessor valued it at $1,000) perched on the edge of a ravine. This home, secluded even today, remains at 920 N. Third Street. Chambers subsequently worked as a superintendent for the Northwest Manufacturing & Car Company. According to two building permits on record, the owner in 1923, Alfred Leadhold, paid contractor C. M. Stevenson $170 for repairs to the roof and new composition shingles. Seven years later, the same owner paid contractor Frank Linner, $300 "for general minor repairs to residence and porch. "35 In the winter of 1875, William Ziertman purchased a half lot (N 1/ Lot 6, Block 23) from Carli. Ziertman worked at the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Co below the hill. Two years later, he built his home with its view overlooking the river, on his lot. The house and its view, remain at 1323 N. First Street. In May of 1881, Ziertman bought the other half of his lot, and in May of 1882, he sold both the whole lot and this house, valued at $400 by the tax assessor, to Fred Springborn.36 The present resident, Evelyn Peterson, grew up down the hill at 1317 N. Broadway, and later, at 1322 N. Broadway, the daughter of Jens Jensen, a policeman in Stillwater. She has lived in this house since 1936. In August of 1877, Londrus Sargent purchased a lot from Carli, and soon thereafter built his good-sized home on the edge of the ravine at 805 N. Third Street. Sargent was a foreman with the Seymour, Sabin and Company. He, along with Sven Bergquist, took over The Stillwater Manufacturing Company in the late 1880's when it was separated from the debris of the Seymour Sabin enterprises. 33 X Deeds 534. Stillwater City Directories, 1876-7 and 1887; 1885 Minnesota Census, family #1732; City of Stillwater Building Permit, #2354, Feb. 1932. 341885 Minnesota Census, family # 1697. Tax Assessors Records, 1874, SAM 7, Roll 4; Stillwater City Directory, 1876-7; Y Deeds 248. 35Tax Assessors Records, 1875, SAM 7, Roll 5. Stillwater City Directories, 1876-7, 1887; City of Stillwater Building Permit #'s 1989 & 2327. 36 Tax Assessors Records 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6, 1878, SAM 7, Roll 7; Stillwater City Directory, 1876-7; I Deeds 100, 8 Deeds 418, 10 Deeds 177. 35 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater The home of Londrus Sargent at 805 N. Third Street. Courtesy of Washington County Historical Society 36 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater First Floor Down Bedroom Bedroom Second Floor A basic front gable and ell house common to this neighborhood. In many cases, the gable end was built first, and the ell added later as a kitchen, although occasionally the ell would be built first, and as money allowed, the gable end constructed later. Notice the characteristic chimneys: one is in the center wall between the two rooms in the gable end. Often the stovepipe from the stove on the first floor would be extended up through the ceiling, and enter the chimney on the second floor, thereby bringing a modicum of heat to an otherwise unheated second floor. The chimney at the end of the ell is for the cooking stove. From Homes in the Heartland; Balloon Frame Farmhouses of the Upper Midwest, 1850 - 1920. Fred W. Peterson, University Press of Kansas, 1992. 37 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Rural 4rchitect wre. 3 DESIGN No. 1. Five Boom Cottage. A m AtancR 1�.oxw:p� Very, Cheap and Comfortable. PARtaR Figure 5.16. "Design No. I: Five Room Cottage," 1884. From Adams-Horr Company, Rural Architecture (Chicago: Northwestern Lumberman Print, 1884), 3. Another design for a gable front and ell cottage. 1 0.4 38 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater KITOHEN, 10 X 1?' DESIGN No. 7. C .flan ltviwo noow. 12' 8P X tb' e' n Owr ,OUtL 1Yo----.4 BED ROOM, 1oX18' BED nOOM, 1?'X 18' A very Chcop .Nowt for vita I Faro or Village Tenement. Figure 4.8. "Design No. 7: A very Cheap House for small Farm or Village Tenement," 1884. From Adams-Horr Company, Rural Architecture (Chicago: Northwestern Lum- berman Print, 1884), 3. This was a working-class neighborhood and most of the houses began as very simple and quite small. This was a typical floor plan pictured in the "pattern books." 39 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater According to two building permits on record for 805 N. Third, Sargent paid Frank Linner to build a $500 addition to the house in 1904, and in 1943, the owner at that time, R. S. Parkhurst, paid local contractor George W. Olsen, $450 for general repairs and a new composition roof.37 In 1878, Seymour, Sabin & Co, who had purchased the whole block four years earlier, built an elegant house with a central hallway and front bay at 1121 N. Fourth Street, on the corner of W. Stillwater and N. Fourth Streets. Why exactly they built such a fancy $1,300 house is uncertain, but in the mid 1880's, it served as The Minnesota Hospital, one of three hospitals in Stillwater.38 (The City Hospital, now Lakeview Hospital was one; the second was a homeopathic hospital located in downtown Stillwater.) Because there is so much misinformation about this home, it is worth quoting at length the newspaper article in The Messenger, May 15, 1886, in which the hospital's demise is recorded: "The concern styled 'The Minnesota Hospital,' located at the corner of Stillwater avenue and north Fifth [Fourth] street, has come to grief and was closed Tuesday by the serving of a writ of attachment issued out of the municipal court at the instance of J. C. O'Gorman, resolver, who claims the sum of $110. [O'Gorman, trying to collect the overdue rent, was the administrator of the bankruptcy of the Seymour, Sabin & Co. who owned the building]. The officer serving the writ took into his custody all the contents of the building, including six stoves, ten bedsteads, all bedding, cooking utensils and crockery, and all stands an,d tables. Following the attachment other creditors began suits in the municipal court. [There follows a list of other creditors]. On May 6, Dr. Jellison, who was at the head of the establishment gave to Ezra B. Ryder, a chattel mortgage securing the payment of $300, the mortgage being due within thirty days, and providing in case of default that it might be foreclosed on, five days notice. [A chattel mortgage is a mortgage on a possession that is not real property; in this case it was a mortgage on the furnishings of the house. Because Dr. Jellison did not own the building, he could not take out a property mortgage.] This instrument covers all the chattels attached under the O'Gorman writ. [In other words, O'Gorman got to the only security first.] The mortgagee [Ezra B. Ryder] is Dr. Jellison's prospective father-in-law. [The same newspaper page carries an announcement of the marriage of Dr. C. B. Jellison and Miss Belle Ryder.] It has been supposed that the hospital was one of a chain of which one was located at Minneapolis, Ashland and Eau Claire, and that each was under some central and responsible control. However, it appears that the enterprise was inaugurated by Dr. Jellison and Mr. Langley. 37 3 Deeds 8; Stillwater City Directories, 1876-7 and 1890; City of Stillwater Building Permits #'s 1200 & 2709. 38 The present owner has in her basement a piece of siding removed from the front of the house, on which the shadow of a sign reading "The Minnesota Hospital" may be seen; Tax Assessors Records, 1878, SAM 7, Roll 7. 40 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater The latter sold his interest last fall to the doctor but neglected to publish a notice of the dissolution of partnership, and is now considering whether or not he will be held responsible for the debts. The plan of the management was to sell tickets of two kinds. One style, sold at five dollars, entitled the holder, if sick or injured, to board, nursing and medical attendance; the other, which was sold at ten dollars, gave the same privileges with the additional stipulation that the holder, if injured, should be assured the sum of five dollars per week for a certain length of time pending recovery. The lumber camps were thoroughly canvassed and it is thought several hundred of these tickets were sold to the woodsmen. It was generally supposed that the hospital was highly profitable to the proprietor, and the cause of his failure is not understood. We understand Dr. Jellison announces his intention to pay all creditors and continue business in this city." After the hospital ceased to exist, the building passed into the hands of the Minnesota Commercial Company, a corporation formed specifically to sell the real estate left from the Seymour, Sabin and Company. In 1901, the Minnesota Commercial Company paid Frank Linner & Co., a local contractor, $425 to build a small addition; rebuild the chimneys; and make general repairs.39 The Corporation held the house until 1907 when it was finally sold to a private party. From 1886 to 1907, it must be assumed that it was either rental property or vacant. Three blocks to the south, on Block 4, Russell Pease, a lumberman, built, in 1878, a $450 home in what appears to be the southwest corner of his four lots. This was the first house that stood in the general location of today's 903 N. Fourth Street. What happened to this first house is uncertain, but in 1887 Russell Pease sold the property to Ella Merry. Her husband Charles was a dentist in Stillwater in business with his father Benjamin, also a dentist. (B.G. Merry & Son, dentists) In the early 1890's, Ella died, and in March of 1895, Benjamin died. Within months, in the summer of 1895, local carpenter Sven Berglund (who lived only a couple of blocks away) built the widower Charles Merry, and his widowed mother Charlotte, the present house that remains at 903 N. Fourth Street. The building permit lists an estimated price of $2,000 for a two-story, 32-foot by 50-foot home with three chimneys. But the Merry's misfortune continued, and the house soon went into a mortgage foreclosure. The Merry's moved to the South Hill and in July of 1902, John Ogren, a lumberman, and his wife Carrie purchased the house from the Stillwater Savings Bank. In 1906, Mr. Ogren paid local contractor, Frank Linner & Co. $250 to build a small 8-foot-by-l0-foot pantry onto the house.49 39 City of Stillwater Building Permit # 1045. 4° Tax Assessors Records, 1878, SAM 7, Roll 7, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; Stillwater City Directory for 1881-82, 1.890- 91, 1896-97; City of Stillwater Building Permit #138 (this is for a $60 woodshed built for Pease), # 851 & 1267; 24 Deeds 22, 43 Deeds 21; Ogren's obituary is in the Stillwater Daily Gazette of September 25, 1929. 41 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater In 1879, William S. Conrad, who made his money in tobacco, had a contractor build him a large, sumptuous $2,000 house at 120 W. Wilkin Street. The tax assessor, making his rounds that year, penciled a notation "W. S. Conrad, $1,800 house." In 1886, Conrad applied for a permit to make a $500 one-story addition to his home. In that permit he noted that the original house, with its dimensions of two -stories, 24 feet by 60 feet deep, had been built in 1879. In the summer of 1905, R. L. Butler, a plumber, added a "low down" water closet [toilet], as well as an enameled wash basin and wash tub. Three months later, Frank Linner did $400 worth of "small alterations and repairs." In 1909, Frank Linner was back to charge $500 for "enlarged cellar & various changes & repairs partly caused by fire."41 Having bought his half lot from Christopher Carli two years earlier, in 1877, John Lindgren built a small house at 921 N. Fourth Street. Four years later, the tax assessor placed a value of $350 on the home. Lindgren worked first as a carpenter for Seymour, Sabin & Co; subsequently he worked as a cabinetmaker for Northwest Manufacturing & Car Co. In 1886, Lindgren took out a building permit. On that permit, he listed the original size of his house at 16 feet by 30 feet deep, one story. He listed the original cost at $500. Since the initial construction, a $100 kitchen, 12 feet by 16 feet had been added on. The 1886 permit was to have the builder, August Jackson, add a $100 bay window and porch to the front of the house.42 THE HOUSES OF THE 1880'S In the 1880's, there was relative affluence in Stillwater, and most of the older houses that remain in Stillwater were built during this decade. Whole neighborhoods, which had been vacant in the 1870's, were filled with houses during the building boom of the 1880's. Paul Caplazi wrote in his 1944 manuscript: "The eighties were happy days for Stillwater. It was a time between the Civil War and the Spanish American War, there were no wars, no strikes, no unemployment, no trouble of any kind, everybody was working and happy."43 For the first time, there were also building associations and fraternal organizations to make loans and mortgages for the purchase and construction of homes. The Stillwater Building Association, for example, was begun in 1877. 41 Tax Assessors Records, 1878, SAM 7, Roll 7; Stillwater City Directory for 1881-82; City of Stillwater Building Permit, #'s 90, 1226, 1238, 1375. 42 2 Deeds 605; Tax Assessor Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; City of Stillwater Building Permit #20 43 Paul Caplazi. Unpublished Manuscript, 1944. Page [17] 42 The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater a) c,> 114. O E �.. -c4 c c o o d 6 N c 9 . o • N N v O to �0 U 0 U E a) I— =1,3 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater William Conrad, the tobacco magnate of 120 W. Wilkin Street. Courtesy Washington County Historical Society 44 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Edwin Conrad, son of William Conrad who Iived at 120 W. Wilkin Street. Courtesy Washington County Historical Society. 45 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Wilkin. ® ® ® GNAD9 Manufacturer of Cigars, CCOS, PIPES, ete 102 N. MAIN, STILLWATER, MINN_ William S. Conrad was the tobacco magnate of the North Hill. He lived at 120 W. From the 1882-83 Stilwater City Directory 46 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater At one point, in 1881, there were so many houses being constructed that The Messenger warned: `Don't build this fall if you can avoid it. Prices of material and labor are very high, and it will be impossible to finish the buildings already under way." if carpenters, stone -masons, bricklayers, painters and plasterers could work every hour in the day for the next six weeks they would not be able to erect and complete all the buildings now in progress of construction or that property owners contemplate erecting. "44 NORTH BROADWAY STREET IN THE 1880's here were eight houses constructed on N. Broadway Street in the 1880's. JL In 1882, 42-year-old Pennsylvanian, John May, and his younger Minnesota born wife Julia, age 26, had their small home at 1116 N. Broadway built. John worked as a wall guard at the Prison. In 1892, they had Mads Neilson, a carpenter living nearby on N. First Street, do $75 worth of repairs to the eaves, a window, and "other small repairs."45 In June of 1882, Christopher Carli sold one and a half lots to a Canadian immigrant, Louis Bergeron, and his German-born wife, Emma. These particular lots were no doubt selected because they were located just up the hill from Bergeron's job as a foreman at the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Co mill. Within a year, the couple built, on their corner lots, a fine $1, 500 house with a tower. Living in this house at 1220 N. Broadway were two daughters: Millie and Aurora, and a servant girl, Mary Francis, age 18. The Bergerons were among the more prosperous residents of the neighborhood. The 1895 Personal Property records indicate they had: one horse 3 years or older valued at $50, a $15 wagon, a $10 sewing machine, two watches at $10 each, a $50 piano, and household furniture worth $200. In the summer of 1941, the owner at that time, R. Rickert, paid Stillwater contractor, Emil Beiging, to do $220 worth of general repairs to the residence.46 In February of 1882, Lydia Carli sold Julius Korn the S. 1/2, Lot 2, Block 15. The German-born Julius, and his German wife Gusta, had a small house built for 44 The [Stillwater] Messenger, October 1, 1881. 45 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1700; Tax Assessors records, Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 78, Roll 12. Stillwater City Directories, 1884, 1887; City of Stillwater Building Permit, #685. 46 10 Deeds 275; Stillwater City Directories for 1884, 1887, 1890; Tax Assessors Records, 1883, SAM 78, Roll 13; 1885 Minnesota Census, family #1727; Tax Assessors Records, Personal Property, 1895, SAM 5, Roll 16; City of Stillwater Building Permit # 2628. 47 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater them at 1110 N. Broadway. Julius worked in a brickyard while his wife raised their three boys, Emil, Otto, and Ernest.47 About 1883, after Christopher suffered an accident from a runaway team, he and Lydia had built a medium sized house on the S 1/2 Lot 3, Block 8, which took the address of 322 E. Aspen Street. Christopher died in 1887, and Lydia lived here until the end of her life. In 1895, her Personal Property was listed as: 1 sewing machine worth $5; piano worth 875; household furnishings worth $150.48 This historic Carli house was demolished in the 1970's by a neighbor, Glenn Goggin who lived at 1012 N. Broadway, but was the owner of the historic Carli house at 322 E. Aspen. In a conversation with the author several years ago, Mr. Goggin explained that he, not wanting a lot of tourist traffic down the dead end street, went down to the city offices late on a Friday afternoon to get a demolition permit, and before anyone could stop him, demolished the old Carli house over the weekend. The irony of this action by Glenn is that, at the time, his mother Eleanor, (who also lived on N. Broadway) was Curator of the Washington County Historical Society. In March of 1883, Christopher Carli sold S '/2 Lot 2, Block 23 to Louis Vesmera. The 1884 Stillwater City Directory lists Vesmera as living on the west side of Broadway, two houses north of E. St. Croix Street, so it appears he had built a small house on his half lot. However, in December of 1884, Gustaf Kress purchased the lot — and presumably the house. The 1887 Stillwater City Directory lists Gustaf, a carpenter, living in his house at 1312 N. Broadway. 49 Adolph Revord, age 45, and his wife, Adelaide, age 43, bought from Christopher Carli the north 50 feet of Lot 42, Block 7, in April of 1883. Here they built a small home at 1317 N. Broadway for themselves and their seven children: Natal, 14, Josephine, 12, Matilda, 11, Adolph, 8, Joseph, 6, Mary, 5, Jane, 1.50 In 1886, Christopher H. Carli, Jr, the son of Lydia and Christopher, built a substantial two-story house, 24 feet wide and 28 feet deep at 1122 N. Broadway. On the building permit, the price of construction is listed as $800. C. H. Carli, like his father, had a varied career. For many years he was a photographer ("Old pictures reproduced and enlarged, Porcelain pictures a specialty') working from his father's house and office at N. Second and E. Mulberry Streets. In moving to N. Broadway, C.H. took over management of the "Carli Quarry" which occupied most of the east side of N. Broadway from E. Elm Street to E. St. Croix Street. This 47 10 Deeds 18; Stillwater City Directories, 1884, 1887; 1885 Minnesota Census, family #1705; Tax Assessors Records, 1883, SAM 78, Roll 13. 48 Tax Assessors Records, Personal Property, 1895, SAM 5, Roll 16; Stillwater City Directory for 1890. 49 12 Deeds 4; 15 Deeds 157. 5° 12 Deeds 26; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1733. 48 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater quarry, and the one on the south hill, supplied most of the limestone for the curbs on Stillwater's streets, as well as the stone for many of its walls and buildings. "The curb and gutter work being done by C.H. Carli for the city is a credit to the contractor and to the city. The stone used is the first quality of building stone, and the workmanship is as neat and artistic as if it were intended for exhibition only. But it isn't. It is intended to stay there, and that is the kind of work Chris does."51 In 1893, C. H. Carli, age 37, became irritable and talkative, and began having hallucinations and delusions, among them the paranoia that his family wanted to commit him to the insane asylum. At the urging of his doctor and family, he was taken before a jury and judged insane. His brother, Joseph R., took him to the State Hospital for the Insane at Rochester where he remained until his discharge in February of 1898. He was able to regain the guardianship of his affairs that had been given to his wife, Mattie May.52 In 1918, C. H. and Mattie moved to Pequot, Minnesota.53 In 1920, Harry & Frieda Kollander moved into the house, and the family has lived there ever since.59 NORTH FIRST STREET IN THE 1880's In 1880, the Wisconsin -born Michael Keefe, age 30, and his wife Mary, age 24, along with their daughter Alice, age 4, purchased a lot in block 9, and had a home built which took the number 1024 N. First Street. Keefe was a molder [made wood molds] and had only to walk down the hill to his job at the Northwest Manufacturing & Car Company.55 Theopilus Rock, a 42-year-old carpenter from Canada, and his wife, Margaret, 32, who was born in Missouri, built a $700 house at 1118 N. First Street in 1880. Into their home, they moved their (by 1885) five children: Fulda, Agnes, George, Theodore, and Margaret.56 Mads Nielson, a carpenter, built his home at 1002 N. First Street in 1881. Nielson, in the 1880's and 1890's, appears to have done much of the construction in 51 Stillwater Democrat, July 3, 1890 52 Washington County Probate File #1451. 53 Stillwater Daily Gazette, May 20, 1918. 54 City of Stillwater Building Permit #86; Pryor & Co's Stillwater City Directory, 1876-77, page 40; 103 Deeds 599. 55 Tax Assessors Records, 1880, SAM 78, Roll 10; 1885 Minnesota Census, family #1691; Stillwater City Directories for 1881-82, 1884, 1887. 56 1885 Minnesota Census, family #1714; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; Stillwater City Directory, 1884. 50 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Stillwater, April 4th, 1904. Messrs. Charles F. Wilson and Albert Kolbe, Doing business under the name of Wilson & Kolbe, CITY. Gentlemen: -- We own the easterly part of Lots 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14, in Block 7, of Carli & Schulenburg's Addition to Stillwater, and Mrs. Lydia A. Carli owns the westerly part of these lots and also owns Lots 29, 30, 31, 32 and 33 west of the same in said Block and Addition. On May 8th, 1902, lvlrs. Lydia A. Carli gave us the right under certain conditions to quarry stone on said property so owned by her, which right extends until 8, 1907. It is not our present intention to quarry stone on said property between now and May 8th, 1907 and--trahete--we- larkge--o-ur ai n e.-iirr- -i-e regard we are perfectly willing that firs. Carli shall grant to you the right until J.lay .8th, 1907, to quarry stone on her said property so th.t she may obtain some revenue therefrom, but we extend to you tie privilege of so quarrying said stone on said property subject to the following conditions: You are to open a roadway leading from the east side of the quarry to some accessible point in the street west of the quarry and keep the same free and clear of all obstructions during the time you are operating the quarry. It is understood, however, that you may operate said quarry at all points on said property, except south of the place where we have been taking out stone; and that you are not to obstruct in any way- our landing,or so-called dump, where we have been taking down stone over the bluff. This place must be kept perfectly clear so that we can use it if we see fit. It is also understood that you are to exercise great care in the operation of said quarry so as not to let anything come down over the bluff to the damage of travelers on Main Street, or to the damage of our own property located on the east side of Main street. The first page of a letter regarding the use of the Carli quarry. Courtesy of Washington County Historical Society 51 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 52 The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater The building housing the crusher on the old quarry. To get an idea of the building's size, notice that standing in front of the building, barely discernable, are three children. Underneath the building, as part of the crushing process, was a deep hole in the rock that now serves as the basement of the house at 1221 N. Broadway. Photo Courtesy of Norman Kollander 53 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater • L t/„3,41'4 /it L7-d-e4 / 7,14 w .; I/ el/ Pt / 4t7e< V 11, , , • /7,0, / 0 1';r7t, ea 6?) • '-(fts, a/ 7 , ff-/172-ttio-)L $— Ne"::,,, 111ct's/ o*?) A statement from the Quarry in 1899. G. Wilson, Chas. Jackson, Mrs. Westland, A. Johnson, were all residents of this neighborhood. Courtesy Washington County Historical Society 54 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater the neighborhood. His present day house, which was quite dilapidated a few years ago, is considerably improved and enlarged over the original $200 structure.57 Lydia Carli sold Charles Pellitier a lot in Block 15 in April of 1881. Pellitier, a 40-year-old Canadian, and his 32-year-old wife Susanna, along with their three children, Ada, Joseph, and Susanna, moved into their new $250 home at 1103 N. First Street that same year. Charles had only a few blocks to walk to work as a sawyer for the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Company. In June of 1899, a permit was taken out by the owner of this house at the time, Charles Tranter, to build a new house: one -and -a -half story, 16 feet by 28 feet, at a cost of $500. The builder was to be Aaron Johnson, who lived next door at 1107 N. First Street. Whether this was a large addition, or whether it was a new house, is not evident from the records.58 George M. Seymour, of the Seymour, Sabin & Co. built the house at 1104 N. First Street in 1880. The tax assessor, making his rounds that year, penciled in the notation "750 add" indicating a house worth $750 had been added to the value of the lot. In 1882, the assessor put the house's value at $900. Seymour never lived here; this was a house he built to rent or sell. In 1887, Patrick J. Murphy, a wall guard at the Prison, was living in this house. Staying with him for a short while was his nephew, Solanus Casey. Casey, who was born in Prescott, Wisconsin, went on to become a priest, and is today the first American born man being considered for sainthood by the Roman Catholic Church. By 1894, George Graham, a sawyer for the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Company was the resident here. In October of 1896, Virginia Cayou purchased the home, and the family has continued to live there ever since. This is one of the few "century" homes in Stillwater — meaning the house has been in the possession of the same family for over a century. In July of 1925, Louis Cayou took out a permit for a $150 garage and woodshed that was to have "mule hide shingles."59 1120 N. First Street was another speculation home in the area built by George M. Seymour of the firm of Seymour Sabin & Co. in 1881. Its assessed value was listed at $700 in 1882. The following year,1883, Seymour sold the home to Martin Murray, a section foreman for the St. Paul & Duluth Railway. In 1886, Martin added a $400 16-foot-by-20-foot kitchen to the rear of the house. In the permit application, the original dimensions of the house were listed as 1 %/ story, 22 57 Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; Stillwater City Directories, 1887 & 1890. Nielson is listed on a number of the building permits for the area as the builder. 58 8 Deeds 136;1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1711; Stillwater City Directory, 1887; Tax Assessor's Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; City of Stillwater Building Permit # 988. 59 Tax Assessors Records, 1880, SAM 78, Roll 10 & 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; City of Stillwater Building Permit #2107; 46 Deeds 157. 55 (22 Si. Paul & Duluth Railroad THE SHORT LINE BETWEEN itiametzt AND LAJ ,F; SUPIMOlte WHITE BEAR LAKE, FOREST .LAK.L, U.IIISAGO LAKE ar.radl. TAYLOR'S FALLS, favorite SUMMER RESORTS Are on the Line of this railroad.. Also Wyoming, North Branch, Harris, Rush City and H.ocls Creek, important TRADINC POINTS In a tine Agricultural and '.Timber Region; and I.)ine City, Mission Creek, Hinckley, Kettle .River, Moose Lake, N. P. Junction, Knife Falls and Thompson, LUMBER MANUFACTURING POINTS, lit the fine Region. The northern terminus of this railroad, is• Minnesota's only Lake Port. The OUT2,ET For a vast quantity of Minnesota's products, via the Great Lakes, and the Hi TT for her supplies of iron, Coal, Salt;, and General Merchandise. It is also a large luuiher manufacturing point. Out of Duluth during the season of navigation, stopping at all principal ports o11 the Great; hakes, afford to travelers routes un- rivaled for scenery and health -giving recreation. Round Trip Tickets (between Terminal, Poirr,ts on sale at Re- duced Rates. Throcaglr, Tickets to Eastern .Points on Scale at St. Paul (nul Stillwater. A. R. STIMSON, Gen. Supt. E. F. DODGE, Gen. Ticket Agt. General Offices cor. Fourth & Wacouta Streets, St. Paul. 411 Some of the local men worked for the St. Paul and Duluth Railroad. From, the 1882-83 Stillwater City Directory .56 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater feet wide by 30 feet deep. Twenty-eight years later, in 1914, Martin had neighborhood carpenter Mads Nielson add a $125 front porch to his home.6° Owen Hughes, a 29-year-old blacksmith from Prince Edward Island, and his 28-year-old wife Annie bought a lot in Block 8 from Christopher Carli in November of 1880. The following year, the Hughes took out a mortgage with the fledgling Stillwater Building Association, and built a $275 home for themselves and their three sons, James, Ronald, and Charles, at 1023 N. First Street. In 1890, they had neighborhood contractor, Mads Nielson add a $45 front porch to their residence. Owen had only to walk down the hill, and go left on N. Main Street to get to his job at the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Co.61 On March 10, 1901, a spark from the stove ignited the house, and before the fire department put out the blaze, it did $106. worth of damage.62 Aaron Johnson, a 37-year-old Swedish -born carpenter, and his 41-year-old wife, Augusta, along with their two daughters, Alma and Helena, had the residence at 1107 N. First Street built on a lot they purchased from Lydia Carli in August of 1882. In compiling his records for the year, the tax assessor made a penciled note on this lot to "add $350" indicating the value of the new structure. Johnson, who was a carpenter himself, added a $75 kitchen to his home in September of 1898.63 Christopher Carli sold one-half of Lot 2 in Block 22 to August Manthey, a 25- year-old immigrant from Germany, and his older Michigan -born wife Mary, in March of 1883. They quickly built a house valued around $500 that took the house number, 1312 N. First Street. August is listed in both the 1884 and the 1887 Stillwater City Directories as a laborer. Within two years of moving in to their new house, Mary delivered their son, Joseph.64 In July of 1881, Carl and Annie Noack purchased Lot 5 in Block 23 from Christopher Carli. Within a year, the German-born couple had their house built, which remains today at 1313 N. First Street. In addition to their two daughters, Emma and Oletia, they also had Emil Clark and his daughter Celia, living with them. Carl had only to walk down the hill to his job at the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Company. On June 20th, 1897, disaster struck when the house was set afire by a pipe; before the fire was out, damage amounted to $86.65 60 Tax Assessor's Records, 1881, SAM 78, Roll 11; City of Stillwater Building Permit #'s 89 & 1580; 12 Deeds 49; Stillwater City Directory for 1887. 61 8 Deeds 233; P Mortgages 386; Tax Assessor's Records, 1882, SAM 78, Roll 12; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1693; City of Stillwater Building Permit # 509b 62 Stillwater Fire Dept Fire Runs By Address, 1896-1906. Typescript MS. 63 10 Deeds 333; 12 Deeds 72; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 78, Roll 12, SAM 5, Roll 6; Stillwater City Directory for 1884; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1709; City of Stillwater Building Permit # 967. 64 10 Deeds 605; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1720; Tax Assessor's Records, 1883, SAM 78, Roll 13. 65 Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 78, Roll 12; 1885 Minnesota Census; 10 Deeds 260; Stillwater City Directory for 1887; Stillwater Fire Dept Fire Runs by Address, 1896-1906. Typescript MS. 57 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Christopher Carli sold Joseph Poirier a lot in Block 8 in the spring of 1882. He immediately had the construction of a large house begun, which was valued at $1,200 by the tax assessor. The family, including the Canadian -born Joseph, age 26, his 19 year -old Minnesota born wife Emma, as well as Joseph's brother, Peter, age 7, and his sister, Amelia, age 15. Their house remains today at 1015 N. First Street. In 1887, Joseph was employed as a clerk in a "Gent's furnishings store.'6 Unfortunately, there seems to be little information on the elegant Italianate house with its rounded windows at 1304 N. First Street. This house was first noted in the Tax Assessor's records of 1882 where there is a penciled notation "add $800" indicating that a new structure had been built upon this lot. The lot had been purchased the previous April (1881) by August Neumann, who is listed as a guard at the Prison in the 1884 Stillwater City Directory. The 1885 Minnesota Census [family #17181 enumerates August, age 40, his wife Forencia, age 38, a son Herman, age 15, a daughter Catherine age 10, and one other child age 12, whose name is indecipherable. All the family members were born in Germany. By 1887, apparently August is no longer working at the Prison because the Stillwater City Directory of that year lists him only as a laborer. The Neumann family lived there at least three decades.67 For the past half century, it has been in the possession of the Churchill family. The residence at 1011 N. First Street was built in 1882 as a small $250 home by Charles A. Johnson, who worked as a teamster for the Northwest Manufacturing & Car Co. He purchased the lot in July of 1881 from Christopher Carli.68 When it was constructed in 1882, 1220 N. First Street was a one -and -a -half - story building, 18 feet wide and 28 feet deep. It was valued at $400. Frank Hall, the owner, who worked as a hospital steward in the Prison, had bought the lot from Christopher Carli in the spring of 1881. Eleven years after he built the house, Frank Hall hired local contractor Mads Nielson to add a $600 one -and -a -half story 12-foot-by-16-foot addition to his original house. In 1907, a new owner, Carl E. Berglund, had local carpenter Mads Nielson build him a $250 24-foot-by-30-foot barn with a galvanized iron roof on his lot. It was this same Carl Berglund who was a proprietor of the Berglund Peterson Grocery Store at 807 N. Fourth Street.69 The history of 1012 N. First Street is rather confusing. Stephen Harder purchased all of Lot 2, Block 9 from Christopher Carli in May of 1882. He then sold 66 Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; 10 Deeds 93; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1695; Stillwater City Directory for 1887. b7 10 Deeds 102; Tax Assessor's Records, 1883, SAM 78, Roll 13 68 Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 78, Roll 12; 8 Deeds 270; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887. 69 Tax Assessors Record, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; City of Stillwater Building Peii,lit #739 & 1307; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887; 8 Deeds 204. 58 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater "0 Ot) v) . yid Yam, • t, C) 0 CI) • c.i w U) G) .F' 0 0 0 0 Ga CD C.) 0 Z 0) CO G) G) L -45 r L_ Z 10 0 ra 0) 0 0) L_ 0 a CD 0 mc Ga 0 0 CrJ N 0 59 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater the south one-half to Rudolph Lange in August of 1883, whom it appears built a house on the lot that same year. Lange was a carpenter. However, the 1887 Stillwater City Directory lists both Lange, and a man named Emil Kruger both living at this address. Kruger was the proprietor of the Headquarters Saloon in downtown Stillwater. The German-born Kruger's family consisted of himself, his wife Eliza, six children and a servant girl. In the spring of 1889, Lange, who is listed as the owner, made $100 of repairs to the house, as well as an addition on the front.70 Stephen Harder kept the north one-half of Lot 2 to have his own house built on in 1883. Born in New York, Stephen Harder had his wife Augusta and their three children, Stephen, Jasper, and Lydia, as well as Ruth Bradley, and her daughter, Emma living in their home at 1016 N. First Street. Harder, who worked as a millwright, sold the residence to Joseph Campbell in August of 1887, and apparently moved from the area.71 In May of 1882, Michael Keefe purchased south one-half of Lot 1 in Block 9. In late 1883 or early 1884, he had a house built, which has since taken the number, 1020 N First Street. It appears that Keefe, who had been living next door at 1024 N. First Street now moved himself, his wife Mary and their daughter Alice into this newer house. Keefe worked as a molder for the Northwest Manufacturing & Car Co.72 In July of 1887, John J. Gerken, a bartender, purchased Lot 6, Block 15 from Lydia Carli. In October, he hired Stillwater contractor, William Bieging, to build him a $1,500 house at 1123 N. First Street. The house was to be 22 feet by 30 feet, two-story, with a 10-foot-by-14-foot cellar. The sidewall studs used in the balloon construction were listed as being 18 feet.73 On August 24th, 1902, a fire of unknown origin broke out in this house; before the fire was extinguished, it caused $62 in damage.74 In November of 1880, August Pische bought Lot 2, Block 17 from Christopher Carli. He, in turn sold the lot to James Pische who sold it to Llewellyn Staples in 1889. Staples hired Stillwater contractor, William Bieging, to build him a $500 one - and -a -half story house 14 feet by 24 feet by 26 feet. Staples was a clerk at the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Company. The house remains at 1214 N. First Street.75 70 Tax Assessors Records, 1883, SAM 78, Roll 13; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887; 12 Deeds 235,236; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1722; City of Stillwater Building Permit #409. 71 24 Deeds 259; 12 Deeds 235; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1688; Stillwater City Directory for 1884. 72 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1691; Stillwater City Directory for 1884; Tax Assessors Record, 1884, SAM 5, Roll 7. 73 24 Deeds 14; City of Stillwater Building Permit #249; Stillwater City Directory for 1890-91. 74 Stillwater Fire Dept Fire Runs by Address, 1896-1906. Typescript MS. 75 8 Deeds 158; Stillwater City Directory for 1890-91; City of Stillwater Building Permits #437, 491. 60 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater NORTH SECOND STREET IN THE 1880's Tucinda Bordwell purchased Lot 4 of Block 9 in April of 1881. Later that Jyear, Lucinda and her husband Lester, had their home at 1003 N. Second Street built. The tax assessor making his rounds put the value of the house at $450. Lester Bordwell was a policeman. It was not uncommon for households of that time to put the title to the house in the name of the woman — particularly if the man were in business with the potential for bankruptcy.76 There is a story regarding this house that the kitchen and back porch on the north side are the remnants of a prison guard tower moved to this site.77 Harlow Johnson, A Swedish -born carpenter, built his house up on the hill at 1008 N. Second Street in 1880.78 Like Lucinda and Lester Bordwell, Joseph and Epiline Grant bought their lot from Christopher Carli in April of 1881. The price of their half lot was $225. Apparently finances were a problem for the older couple, for in spite of a mortgage, they were unable to pay the C.N. Nelson Lumber Company for the lumber the company furnished in August of 1881 to build the Grant's dwelling at 1224 N. Second Street. It seems, however, the Grants were finally able to pay their debts because the tax assessor making his rounds in 1882 placed a value of $500 on their home. The German-born Joseph was 50, and his German-born wife was 60. They had five of their older children living with them: Joseph, 25; John, 22; Anna, 20; Lisa, 18; and Matilda, 16.79 A month after the Bordwells and the Grants purchased their lots, a 24-year- old Englishman, Thomas Gerson, and his Minnesota -born wife Emma purchased a half lot from Christopher Carli in May of 1881 for $175. He must have had his dwelling built over that summer of 1881, because the tax assessor penciled a notation in his records to add $400 to the value of the property. Thomas worked as a car repairer for the Saint Paul & Duluth Railway; Emma raised their children in the home at 1206 N. Second Street. On May 25th, 1890, Thomas Gerson died of peritonitis a day or two after his appendix burst. As a last resort in trying to save 76 Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887; 8 Deeds 200. 77 Jim Johnson, grandson of Andrew Sjoholm who purchased the house in the 1940's, related this to me. He also mentioned that a number of old Police Gazettes were found under the floorboards when remodeling that part of the house. 78 1884 Stillwater City Directory 79 10 Deeds 51; A Liens 280; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1747. 61 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater ' trfjrlSrtP c Orm rl. a .'Ward. F- oe_ r,i a F uricorner 1•t ; of (... view• of l the la>(e . r sale tit-ts1 and on long ktn4. tilts heni for sale,: 1 5iI rrr: Matthe orn 1ondayl held umber whicl Luut�h�eran;church p Potks' residence. 1 P drew .he German lot ii ? rth dt hil j 'lhe Stillwater thejleadership of will; give a concert at. ol'eral hall next Thtltrsday evening. I .I i Ascore or bur German ci.t ens het a Mardi Gras! carntvai on ` ffoneiTay, creating consrc arable •amusement for the onlookers. r- mail facilities. We understand that one a • it physicians a few nights tempted to steal or be li i sed, possessed of the l lrank Harnisch, who w, s f an lower Main street,ont th the szd ultimo. The body en in charge by Dr. Millar lieve, and.stored for dissec last We art, was of t solemnit nesday, thel first day of serged With the custom - at the Catholic, hpis Jpalian and Lutheran 'churches. Dave Swain has pure rest ,in the ennie manding at 1ow fi Ch is Ca cornet band; under Prof. H. (.pooch, aseci' an. in, and will us! s-r materially. rs. J. E. tb!aid the'construc ion I 1 frdin Hastini0 to this cty; i r , 1 �Th'e first annual meeting of ' the Ii ectori bf the cit .ho pt tsl : asoci- t on' I be 'field at th Universalist ouses and lots in;f; rli I& Schul- lCurg's addition ,for sr}le atoa great rgain on monthly p&yrinents. In - re of Chris.ICa 1i rs. H. Van Vor}1es tly niade the happy recipient of plendkl carriage horse, pi-esented her by her moth r, ower. bill has passed i both houses the towns of issue bonds er physicians thought it good joke on Millard t stiff" as they called it, and plans accordingly. But w burst open the door of where they supposed the have been stored the fo end Muller & . Haitssner of will handle the Minneapol Bind r anal Harvester th seasoo. The machine Harr questfably one of the 1 binder; made, being dun to operate, and a great grain. I The bundles do n and the;,cost for twine is 20 to 3o cents per acre. ' r who I possesses a M ine binder is indep'ende v tst tramps, and his Cattle de from the effects of wir o the stomach while I cati Every farmer who has to harvester or reaper the c son 'should give Muller & a call and satisfy' himself t naerittsIof the "Minneapoli wo o O rq Odle 1y tit chic nkbht wits to , we b la'd th ten th the'ro orpse it �eih p this c s Tw to hum edis st bfe,i e saver t !ore nly fr hd fa nt ap it f wit4 take ig str r ur ha ml�nl� Klaus s ;to • ..iThayer h a brief. yCri is the f IIla num. ih in d eel orts rntn fnr of OurllI esteemed friend F.of Ljv'erpool fvaored us wi call sritit Monday. Mr. Th of a! railroad repretfentative in Europe ber of flour manufactui ers \_ I ' church n xt Tuesd y at rie o'c]oik. ; �; [afternoon . . . The' co} untry colrriiissir ers ;II this the legislatureIallow`ng Washington county to eapolis and St. Louis, a cotistantly increasing d (Minriisota flour. ! Altho millslih Europe arc eiluipe mosd p crfect modern' Iirnpr and' Although Minnesota whedt is mainly soft ht t- d f a Is it in 0 Y. ty ng in. tw ne ry of k, in rn- lis ar- ot in- w. e a ea- ner the ely id* bfe1 ent TO. bo latilli ast! dash was made in' a thrillingly' grief l space of timed and he broutl t •up n a snow bank without merlons njury i Hai resumed work the next da . bu i he! would rather some one woul give him; $10,000 than makis another such ' ur• Hey, It may be some satisfac ion tQQ our citizens to k low that the unpt'ecc dented storms of the pres nt w nter have been riiluch more seviere almost evcrwherc else than in this • vicinity The storm of Ittst Saturday,. hicb blockaded nearly all the train i . in I Wisconsin, ',twa and lllinis .f rtu• nately gavel us the go by, as did: Alga the one • of i Wednesd 'y night j'and _j Thursday, which was he worst cif the season in the affliced section ' A telegram froln Milwaukee says: � !j I The atorn which began last ight at eight o'clock was general all tbvei Wisconsin. It has raged with ut a moment's' essation' over tvi hty— j four hours, Rid is the heaviest anon tall ever known in Wisconsin an( the northw st. Reports from . the I telegraphic points in Wisconsin show snow from tljiree•to six feet on a !eve and drifts reported covering h uses, telegraph poles, trains etc. ;The cuts on all the railroads are filet" full. Specials announce great i�tcor. veniences iri all places in obtaining food and fuel, and in some !laces actual suffc ing. Not a single ! rai road train;is running to the entir .state. Every line is efectually lock. aded, with. the .prospect • tha the blockade w 11 last at least one eel All busines4 is suspended. N at. - dashed In roots when he ceased his flight'through space. But Fortuna he spied a rope dangling Qv it the of the buildiitig, and grasped it. rope checked laic 1precipitate 'des somewhat, bu he bad gained vtto• loctty that he; kept right on . ivbop reseed the en of ther rope, sotne 35 feet bore the ice. being The Typical of the ads Christopher Carli placed in the Stillwater newspapers of the 1880's to sell his lots. From the Stillwater Messenger, March 5, 1881 62 The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater n .{LLWAT E R MINN. SATURDAY, AUGUST 8BY. men clustered e back room and somehow E newspapers n. One man .,more jealous other class; „ood word for f nth, with a i, and heaving had some ex • �J four' days more elapse, and the gills sinkback into the body, while in their place others come much more complex, arranged in vascular tufts, 112 r in each, —yet they, too, have .their) day, and are absorbed, together with' their framework of bone and cartilage, to be succeeded by an entirely different breathing appara- tus, the initial of second correlated group of radical changes. Lungs are developed, th Louth widened. A typical real estate ad from the 1880's, indicating what characteristics were important in selling a house. From the Stillwater Messenger of August 6, 1881 r fifteen cantos 7ring.' 'There in the place — ,Trombone. I editors were . sighed to shed and 1 was afraid ne publish my tI be a deadly ,y resolved to simultaneously Then I called he Trombone r of the Bugle d that he would the Bugle, as he editor of the le Bugle man, r of the 'from nest personal mild be glad if I 1e poem, as it ad in his mouth ck. So, owing .ors had for each my poem into and it Ii.asn't I never saw dp each other once more, the by the absorbents, and the animal passes the rest of its life as an air - breathing and a flesh -feeding batra• chian. Sun -baths cost nothing, and are the most refreshing life-giving baths that one can take, whether sick or well. Every house -keeper knows the necessity of giving her woolens the benefit of the sun, from time to time, and especially after a long rainy season, or a long absence of the sun. Many will think of the in- jury their clothes are liable to,: from dampness, who will never reflect that an occasional exposure of their own bodies to the sunlight is equally necessary to their health. The sun - baths cost nothing, and that is a misfortune, for people are still de- luded with the idea that those things only can be good or useful which cost money. Let it not be forgotten that three of God's most beneficent gifts to plan —three things the most necessary to health —sunlight, fresh air, and,water, are free to all; you can have them in abundance, with- out' -i,inney an (1 price, if you will. H�V&E& LOTZ & LAJDS . FOR SALE AT THE MESSENGER flEALETATE & LOAN AC-)1 OOO—Ifouse and 1I lots on Sec- ond street between Churchill and Hancock. Flvs rooms, with cellar, cistern, woodshed, barn. Worth $1200. 1400—House and two lots on west side Fifth street. aces A, M. D'odd's. Six rooms,with closets, cellar, cistern, shade and fruit trees and outbuildings; 05--Rouse and two lots on Fifth street, south of Churchill. A batgain. 104)0 will buy four hand- some iota and a largo house in Holcombe's addition. Lots on three streets. House 22 by 28, with eight rooms, and all in good condition. Two cisterns, fine cellar and woodshed, Or- chard and shade trees. Cost $2500. $700 will buy a small IIouse and two lots on Sixth street, near Kilts Bros.' store. New house, 18 by 24, with walled cellar, cistern, barn and woodshed. Cost $1000. I[�o acres in St. Croix Co., Nis_, V four miles from Stillwater and salve distance from Hudson, Sixty acres under plow. 100 acres fenced. The cream is in it. New buildings. Abun- dance of water. Easy terms. 'h �i. $500,000 to loan on Mortgage on I.1lproved Farm Pioperty in Washington County at NINE PER CENT. INTEREST. Apply at the Messenger Real Estate and Loan Agency. (1 ,t INA'I'ff•'R ti1 1) 1_I3334R1LL OF`I i FOlttBRigh Two Years For The price THE REPRIN1S THE BRITISH 0JARThr. (E�'ar� I,ONDON QJARTERI. (Cor)rer 1 E1)IN13URG i ( AND W ISTI Nf I NSTER (Liberal) RFVIEWSi AND Blackwood's Bdinbnr Ma Present the best foreign perio lici convenient form and Without abl or alteration. 1 Terms Of Subscription (Ineind tngel) , I Blackwood or any one Review $4 00 1 Blackwood and any ona.Rehtew 7.00 Blackwood and two )reviews tuto0 Blackwood and throe RevtOws 18100 Any two Reviews 7;00 Any three Reviews id.00 The four Reviews 12i00 Rockwood and the i<uur RevIcNs 151,00 These are about half the pricoe by the English Publishers, Circulars giving the Couterit Periodicals for the .year 18801, a other particulars, may be had ion tion, 1 pRErktums. New eubscrihurs may' have the for 18811 and 1881 at the pried of subscription only. To any Rubacrlber, nevj'or Jolt furnish the periodical* for 181 price. All orders to be sent' to the p office. To secure uremlunis appl ly. . 41 BARCLAY ST,; IMMTAIIIIT 1 ri 63 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater his life, a doctor opened Gerson's abdomen on the kitchen table in Gerson's home, but the infection was too massive to contain. He died, leaving a young widow and two children.80 Fred Bordwell, and his wife Matilda, both Wisconsin -born, both 29 years of age, purchased their lot from Christopher Carli in April of 1881. They soon had their dwelling erected at 1112 N. Second Street, which was originally, according to a later building permit, a one -and -a -half story, 16-foot-by-24-foot structure costing $700. However, Bordwell, who worked as a shop guard at the Prison, was a tireless remodeler. In 1886, he added a 12-foot-by-16-foot $100 kitchen. Three years later, he had neighborhood carpenter Mads Nielson make another improvement: "This contemplates raising roof of ell part and building bay window or, main house and making general repairs to house to build chimney from ground in place of bracket as it is now." Not yet content with his home, the following year, he had Mads Nielson add an $80 front and side porch, and in 1892, he invested another $50 in his front porch. The Bordwells (in 1885) had only two children, Bernie and Fred; perhaps this gave them extra time (and money) to plan their remodelings. In April of 1924, the owner at that time, Henry Kottka, added a $250 garage to his lot.8' The history of 1116 N. Second Street is a little confusing. Christopher Carli sold the north half of Lot 2, Block 13 to Peter Lamoreaux in April of 1881. Lamoreaux, in turn, sold the half lot to Francis Grant in August of 1882. It appears Grant built a house on the lot valued at approximately $400. Grant, in turn, sold the house to George W. Bolles and his wife Maria the following year. Bolles, age 58 (in 1885), was born in New York, and worked as a blacksmith for the Northwest Manufacturing & Car Co. His wife Maria, 49, was the daughter of Paul and Lydia Carli and she was born when the Carli family was living in Chicago, Illinois. They had four children: George, Carrie, Mabel, and Alice living with them, plus two boarders: R. S. Farrell and Ed Weldon. In 1886, Bolles made a $100 one -and -a -half story addition 14 feet by 24 feet to his home. In the summer of 1915, the owner at that time, a Mrs. Arthur, paid neighborhood carpenter Mads Nielson $125 to add a porch to the home.82 Charles Bursch, 26 and his wife Gusta, age 23, both immigrants from Germany, bought the lot for their house at 1212 N. Second in April of 1881. They paid $150 for the lot. That same year, they built a small house, which the tax assessor valued the following year at $250. Charles is listed in the 1884 Stillwater 84 1885 Minnesota Census, family #1744; 10 Deeds 161; Stillwater Daily Gazette, May 25, 1890; interview with Gerson's grandson, Thomas Gerson of Stillwater. 81 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1741; City of Stillwater Building Permits, #158, 458, 478, 672, 2023; 10 Deeds 556; Stillwater City Directories 1884 and 1887. 82 Tax Assessor's records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; 10 Deeds 302, 331; Stillwater City Directory for 1884; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1742; City of Stillwater Building Permit #'s 146, 1604, 2407. 64 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater city directory as a laborer; his wife raised their (in1885) four children: Elsie, Charles, Gusta, and Anna.83 Next door to the Bursch's at 1214 N. Second Street was the Ruehle family. They had purchased their lot in March of 1881, and built a small $200 structure on it that same year. Henry Ruehle, age 37 in 1885, had been born in Illinois; his young Norwegian -born wife Gusta was 21. They had four children — probably from Henry's previous marriage — 011ie, 8; Oscar, 6; Elviria, 4; Agnes, 7/12. According to the 1884 Stillwater City Directory, Henry was working as a warehouseman for the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway. By 1887, he is listed as a freight master for the railway.84 The present home at 1019 N. Second Street embraces two half lots: the north one-half of Lot 5, and the south one-half of Lot 6. At one time, there was a house, built in 1881 by John Flink, on the north one-half of Lot 5 at 1011 N. Second Street. The remaining house, at 1019 N. Second Street, began with the purchase of the south one-half of Lot 6 from Christopher Carli by Lars J. Anderson, in May of 1881. Lars is listed in the 1884 Stillwater City Directory as working for the Northwest Manufacturing & Car Co.; the 1891 City Directory lists him working for the Hersey, Bean Lumber Company on S. Main Street.85 Michael Klatt, who worked for the Northwest Manufacturing & Car Co. purchased a lot from Christopher Carli in June of 1881. By the end of the year, he had completed a small one-story 14-foot-by-16-foot house at 1209 N. Second Street, which was listed at an assessed value of $300 the following year. Eight years later, in 1889, he added a $50, 14-foot-by-12-foot addition to his original structure. In the spring of 1925, the owner, Peter Mason, paid local carpenter Mads Nielson $200 to build a 10-foot-by-10 foot addition to be used as a dining room.88 Christopher Carli sold the north one-half of Lot 3, Block 9 to August Anderson in July of 1882. That same year, Anderson built a one -and -a -half story 16-foot-by-22-foot house on the top of hill. In 1887, Anderson hired neighborhood builder Rudolph Lange to add a $150 12-foot-by-16-foot kitchen. Anderson, like so many of his neighbors, was employed by the Northwestern Manufacturing & Car Co.S7 His house was east of 1003 N. Second Street, and west of 1002 N. First Street, so it was aptly given the address 214 E. Aspen Street even though the geography in this block makes it unlikely that he ever approached his house by way of Aspen Street. Anderson lived here until at least 1915. In 1945, a sign painter, Emil Hammar, purchased the west half of Lot 3, the site of Anderson's home, and 83 10 Deeds 247; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1745 84 10 Deeds 21; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1746; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6. 85 8 Deeds 192; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6. 86 10 Deeds 225; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; City of Stillwater Building Permit # 408; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887; City of Stillwater Building Permit # 2086. 87 13 Deeds 51; City of Stillwater Building Permit # 192; 1884 Stillwater City Directory. 65 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater converted the old house on the property into a habitable dwelling. In order to provide access (because E. Aspen Street was not opened), Hammar also purchased the S1/2 of Lot 5, and a sliver of Lot 2, and ran a driveway in from N. Second Street. This house then took the number 1007 N. Second Street. At this point, Hammar owned the S% of Lot 5 with nothing more than a driveway running its length, (although there had previously been a house on Lot 5 with the number 1011 N. Second Street) so, in 1951, he built a small house to use with his sign business which took the number 1005 N. Second Street.88 Nathan D. Lammers, a 27-year-old man born in Minnesota, and his wife Lizzie, age 24, contracted for the building of their large home at 1106 N. Second Street in 1882. The tax assessor for that year, on his rounds, made a notation to "add $1, 600" to the value of the property representing the house. However, the Lammers did not have to pay all the costs of their new house; the Sun newspaper of March 8, 1882, in reporting on the activities of the Stillwater City Council, noted that "On motion of Alderman Deragisch, N. D. Lammers was allowed $5 for removing dirt from his cellar to the ravine on Wilkin street." Three years after the building their home, the Lammers had no children, but they did have Catherine and Lewis Beal living with them. At the time his house was built, Nathan worked as a clerk for the Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Company.89 In the 1890's, he also served on the Stillwater City Council. Gustav Skog purchased his building lot from Christopher Carli in February of 1882, and soon thereafter began the construction of his home at 1111 N. Second Street. The original house must have been very small because the tax assessor lists it as a $100 structure. Six years later, Skog had done additional construction, for a building permit in 1888 lists the main building as a 20-foot-by-32-foot two- story house with 18-foot studs used in the balloon construction. A kitchen had also been added on the east side by this time. Gustav was employed by the Northwest Manufacturing & Car Co. as a blacksmith.% Angus and Sarah McDonald purchased their lot from Christopher Carli in October of 1881, and began construction of their $500 residence at 1101 N. Second Street the following year. McDonald, like his neighbor up the block, worked as a blacksmith for the Nelson & Johnson Lumber Company. The 1884 Stillwater City Directory also lists a Martin Powers, a boilermaker, as living at this address. 88 This information, which is confirmed by the deeds, comes from Jim Johnson, a fellow historian, whose grandparents, Andy & Inez Sjoholm, purchased the home on Lot 4 at 1003 N. Second Street in 1947. 89 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1740; Stillwater City Directory, 1880-82; Tax Assessors Records, SAM 78, Roll 12. 9Q 12 Deeds 590; City of Stillwater Building Permit #303; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887. 66 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Whether this is a mistake, or whether Martin was just trying out the neighborhood, Martin eventually made his home at 1111 N. Second Street.91 James and Angelina Cramer purchased their building lot from Christopher Carli in September of 1881. By 1882, they had constructed a house at 1105 N. Second Street which the tax assessor valued at $350. It appears that Joseph, a brother of James, lived with the couple; both brothers worked as carpenters for the Northwest Manufacturing & Car Company.92 Christopher Carli sold the south one-half of Lot 3, Block 21, to Fred and Hilda Roepke in February of 1882. The following year, they built their $600 home at 1302 N. Second Street. By 1885, the household consisted of the German-born Fred, age 29; his German-born wife Hilda, age 21, and two children, both obviously born in Minnesota, Fred, age 3, and Hilda, age 1. Fred, Sr. worked as a laborer at the C. N. Nelson Lumber Company.93 George Mondeau, who purchased his lot from Christopher Carli in September of 1880, was unusual in this early neighborhood because he was an independent businessman rather than a hired hand. He was the proprietor of a saloon at 119 Chestnut in downtown Stillwater. Mondeau built his $400 home at 1121 N. Second Street in 1884.94 In February of 1882, August and Mary Gelhar bought a building lot in Block 21 from Christopher Carli. Two years later, they built their home at 1316 N. Second Street. August, a recent immigrant from Germany, worked as a wheelwright; his German-born wife took care of their five children: Hattie, Paul, Frank, Annie, and Mary.95 Ida Sutton paid $225 for her corner building lot when she purchased it from Chrisopher Carli in August of 1882. However, she soon sold her lot to Julius and Agnes Seiberlich who, two years later, probably built the $600 house at 1202 N. Second Street. Seiberlich is listed in the 1884 Stillwater City Directory as a "Contractor and Builder." Julius, however, moved on and, in 1885, sold the house to Henry W. Binker, a teamster. Binker was well known in the neighborhood: in the summer he delivered drinking water to local homes; in the winter, he plowed the sidewalks with his horse and a wooden plow. In the spring of 1923, Paul Raske, the owner of the house at that time, had contractor, C. M. Stevenson, build him a 16- 91 Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887; 10 Deeds 125. 92 Stillwater City Directory for 1884; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; 10 Deeds 112. 93 10 Deeds 570; Tax Assessors Records, 1883, SAM 78, Roll 13; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1749; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887. 94 12 Deeds 160; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887; Tax Assessors Records, 1885, SAM 78, Roll 15. 95 10 Deeds 574; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1750; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887; Tax Assessors Records, 1884, SAM 5, Roll 7. 67 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 180 STILLWATER CITY DIRECTORY. SEIBERLICH JULIUS, contractor and builder. Building estimates given on application. Satisfaction guaranteed to all who entrust their building to him. Has .only first class workmen in his em- ploy, res 1102 N 2d. Although he does not seem to have built more than one house in the neighborhood (his own at 1202 N. Second Street), he was the only contractor to advertise. From the 1884 Stillwater City Directory (the house numbers were inaccurate in this Directory) 68 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater foot-by-16-foot private garage with "old lumber used." This rather picturesque garage remains today on the south side of the house.96 NORTH THIRD STREET IN THE 1880's Dwight Sabin, who had purchased all of Block 12 nine years earlier, sold the north half of Lot 1 to S. T. Hillman, a newspaper reporter, in March of 1881. Within a year, Hillman had constructed his $450 home at 1124 N. Third Street on the corner of Third and Magnolia Streets.97 Andrew W. Peterson, a house painter, purchased a lot on the edge of the ravine from Christopher Carli in April of 1883. He soon thereafter had his $400 home built — which took the house number, 804 N. Third Street. Over the years, as the ravine has eroded, this house has become closer and closer to its edge.98 Dwight Sabin sold the south one-half of Lot 1 to Solomon F. Koons in April of 1880. By 1882, there was a home worth $625 on the lot, a home that remains today at 1120 N. Third Street. Koons worked as a carpenter for the Seymour, Sabin Company, and later for the Northwest Manufacturing & Car Company. The 1894 Stillwater City directory lists Melvin Koons (a son?) as manufacturing yeast in the house199 Donald McGillis and his wife Janice bought all of Lot 4, Block 18 from Christopher Carli for $475, and in turn sold the north half to Peter Russell in September of 1882. Russell, a carpenter for the Northwest Manufacturing & Car Company, built a small house that remains, considerably enlarged, at 1207 N. Third Street.'°° It appears that Donald McGillis, a carpenter, built a $700 house on his south half of Lot 4, a house that remains today at 1203 N. Third Street. The 1884 Stillwater City Directory lists McGillis and another carpenter, Charles Lamereaux, both living on the northeast corner of N. Third and E. Stillwater Streets. Perhaps they built this house on speculation, for, in January of 1886, it was sold to Erastus Cross, a shop guard at the Prison. In 1887, Cross, in requesting a building permit, listed the size of the original house as 18 feet by 18 feet, one -and -a -half -story. The 96 1885 Minnesota Census, family #1743; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1890; City of Stillwater Building Permit #110 & 1958; 10 Deeds 539; Tax Assessors Records, 1885, SAM 78, Roll 15. 97 8 Deeds 104, 10 Deeds 540, 15 Deeds 437; Stillwater City Directory for 1881-82; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6. 98 12 Deeds 259; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887. 99 5 Deeds 404; Stillwater City Directories for 1881-2 and 1884; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6. 100 10 Deeds 337, 548; Tax Assessors Records, 1885, SAM 78, Roll 15; Stillwater City Directories, 1884 and 1887; 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1752. 69 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater permit was for the purpose of adding a 9-foot-by-l0-foot room for $150 on the east side of the house to be used as a bedroom.'°' After the lot on the edge of a ravine passed through several hands, George F. Sabin, a Stillwater attorney dealing in insurance and real estate, purchased Lot 1 of Block 11, and, in 1885, had his $1,200 Gothic style home built at 1022 N. Third Street. The following year, Sabin had William May, a veteran Stillwater contractor, build him a large $600 barn, one -and -a -half stories high, 32 feet by 24 feet by 12 feet deep. The barn was 50 feet high at its peak. Three years after constructing his house, Sabin had Thomas Sutherland, a builder, add a $500 front porch to the residence. After the turn of the century, this house was the home of Fred Neumeier, a newspaper publisher, and his wife, Catherine. Their son, Karl, became a state senator from Stillwater: In 1940, Mrs: Neumier had local carpenter Jens Jensen make some changes to the house. According to the building permit: "This improvement consists of removal of old barn on lot; removal of old porches on house, building new garage 12x20 attached to norwest con of house; new front porch and residing whole house and garage with cedar shingles and painted white; reshingling whole house with composite shingles: No interior changes: $1700:"102 NORTH FOURTH STREET IN THE 1880's antes Griffin, Jr. bought the south one-half of Lot 3 in 1878, and the south ei one-half of Lot 4, Block 11 from Christopher Carli in April of 1880. He soon thereafter built a house at 1001 N. Fourth Street, which, the tax assessor in 1882 valued at $550, as well as a $100 barn also on the property. Griffin worked as a foreman for the Seymour, Sabin & Co. But, within four years of building his house, Griffin had moved to South Stillwater [Bayport]. In January of 1909, the owner, Tom Curley, paid local carpenter Mads Nielson $100 to add a second story on the kitchen. In December of that same year, Tom Curley had a $200 watercloset, sink and bathtub added to the house, using four inch cast iron sewer pipe.'°3 John Clary, a machinist, bought his lot from Christopher Carli in April of 1879, and the following year, built his small home at 1007 N. Fourth Street, In 1882, the tax assessor put the value of the home at 5250, indicating it was probably no larger than two rooms.104 101 City of Stillwater Building Permit, #199; Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887; Tax Assessors Records, 1885, SAM 78, Roll 15; 15 Deeds 514. 102 City of Stillwater Building Permits #'s 63, 341, 2600; Stillwater City Directory for 1887; Tax Assessors Records, 1885, SAM 78, Roll 15; Lot went from Carli to Conrad to Barstow to Coggswell to Sabin. 1°3 5 Deeds 114, 465; Stillwater City Directory for 1881-82; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; City of Stillwater Building Permit #'s 1366 & 1380: 104 Stillwater City Directory for 1884; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; 5 Deeds 113. 70 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater In 1880, the Washington County Tax Assessor, making his rounds to determine the assessed value of the properties in Stillwater, penciled a notation in his records: "Mrs. Lizzie Jackson $325" indicating this property had both a new owner, and that the value of the lot had increased beyond the value of the land itself — the land being worth about $150. That same year, Charles and Lizzie Jackson built their home at 821 N. Fourth Street. Within two years, the house had increased in size to a value by the assessor of $500.105 The Jackson's were both Swedish immigrants (she was Lizzie Johnson before marriage) who were married in Hudson in September of 1870. Charles was the manager of the Bronson -Folsom lumber company rafting grounds on the Wisconsin side of the St. Croix. Lizzie died in the family home in 1924; Charles two years later. A daughter, Amanda, was a teacher in the Lincoln School; Harry Jackson, their son, was a manual arts teacher in the Stillwater school system. In the large barn behind the house, Harry built sorne of the fastest racing boats on the St. Croix. He continued to live in the family home at 821 N. Fourth Street until his death in 1966.106 ST. CROIX STREET IN THE 1880's Charles William Raske, age 36, and his wife Bertha, age 30, had immigrated from Germany at least a decade before they purchased Lot 6, Block 17 from Christopher Carli in March of 1881. They had their $650 house built at 203 E. St. Croix Street and moved in with their three sons, John, Paul, and Otto. C. W. Raske is listed as a laborer in the Stillwater City Directory for 1884. In 1886, a $90 stable was added to the property.107 Joseph Litfin purchased his lot from Christopher Carli in April of 1881, and soon thereafter built his $500 one -and -a -half -story 20-foot-by-28-foot home at 202 E. St. Croix Street. Although the family lived in the house over a decade (see the 1894 Stillwater City Directory listing in Appendix C), there is very little information on Joseph. However, we do know that in 1893, he had local carpenter Mads Nielson make a 14-foot by 16-foot $125 addition to the house.l"s Andrew Johnson, a German immigrant, age 29, and his Danish wife Mary, age 28, purchased their building lot from Christopher Carli in May of 1883, and soon after built their small $300 house at 324 E. St. Croix Street. They lived there (in 1885) along with Pete and John Jure, two Germans, both age 28; and two Danes: John and Nels Erickson. Andrew is listed as a laborer in the Stillwater City 1°5 Stillwater City Directory for 1884; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; 8 Deeds 393. 1°6 Obituary of Charles, Stillwater Gazette, February 12, 1926; conversation with Beverly Finley of Shoreview, MN, a great-granddaughter of Charles & Lizzie and John Ludwig of Stillwater who spent many hours with Harry Jackson. 107 1885 Minnesota Census, family # 1727; City of Stillwater Building Permit #135; 8 Deeds 533; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6. 108 8 Deeds 564; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6; City of Stillwater Building Permit # 758. 71 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 00 00 T c d., co a) id L . 0�) v = o O u) u ti • ,. e- N .2 00 N to W ,� O i rO V 4 ii cn 0 O . 0 U CO i N 44 0 0T.. 0 r U .O c 0 d J 72 The South One -Half of the Curti Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 73 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Directories of 1884 and 1887. In March of 1899, a new owner, W. C. Jarchow, added a $100 barn to the homestead.109 STILLWATER STREET IN THE 1880'S Christopher Carli sold John Jahnke lot 4 in Block 17 in March of 1881. Over the summer, they built their house at 204 E. Stillwater Street. The tax assessor, making his rounds in 1882, valued the home at $500. John and August Jahnke are listed as laborers in the Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1890.110 WILKIN STREET IN THE 1880's Lydia Carli sold Lot 3, Block 15 to Louis Claveaux in April of 1881. He began building his home at 324 E. Wilkin Street that same year, although it must have been a small two -room structure because the tax assessor valued it at only $150 the following year. Louis was age 36 when he built his house; both he and his wife, Caroline, age 23, were recently from Canada. Within four years, they had four children: Agnes, 8; Belle, 6; Nellie, 4; Ernest, 1, living with them in their home.111 209 E. Wilkin Street appears to have been built by Martin and Eliza Christianson in 1883. Into this relatively small $300 home, the two Danes brought their children: Carrie, Christian, and Cristina, as well as four adults: Hans and John Christianson, also from Denmark; Andrew Johnson from Denmark and August Peterson, a 30-year-old Swede. Martin was listed in the Stillwater City Directories for 1884 and 1887 as a laborer.112 William Conrad, who lived at 120 W. Wilkin, sold Chester McKusick the lot next door in April of 1885, and McKusick, who was listed in the 1887 Stillwater City Directory as a "speculator," soon built the large $1,800 house at 106 W. Wilkin Street. Around the turn of the century, there was a mortgage foreclosure, and in 1905 the home was purchased by the Theodore and Minnie Converse family who lived there for many years. Just after he purchased the house, Mr. Converse had Stillwater contractor, Frank Linner, construct a $1,100 addition to his house. Four 109 12 Deeds 111; 1885 Minnesota Census, family #1704; Tax Assessors Records, 1883, SAM 78, Roll 13; City of Stillwater Building Permit # 976. 11° 10 Deeds 62; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6. 111 1885 Minnesota Census, family #1704; 8 Deeds 145; Tax Assessors Records, 1882, SAM 5, Roll 6. 112 1885 Minnesota Census, family #1737; Tax Assessors Records, 1883, SAM 78, Roll 13. 74 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater .41 • • - •-•!- 7 5 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater years later, he paid Frank Linner $1,200 to add a 12-foot-by-16 foot addition and a front porch to the house. In 1922, he called upon Frank Linner for the third time to do a $300 remodel of his garage.113 TWO PUBLIC WORKS PROJECTS It was in the 1880's that most of the streets in the area were "opened;" the grade of the streets was set at public hearings, followed by the actual grading and filling to bring the street to its established grade. Because of the hills and ravines, this area required considerable effort on the part of the public works department. One of the most difficult projects was the opening of E. Elm Street between N. Main Street and N. First Street which required cutting down through the sheer bluff on the west side of N. Main Street. This was undertaken between 1884 and 1888, and most likely the stone quarried in the process was used in the construction of the north wall of the Prison.114 A second particularly large project would have been extending N. Third Street through the ravine between E. School and E. Wilkin Streets. This was, in fact, ordered by the City Council, but, as reported in the Stillwater Gazette of December 19, 1888, it was not to take place: `A petition signed by W. S. Goodhue and others, protesting against the grading of North Third street from a point near Chestnut street to Willow street, was submitted, accepted and filed. The objection is that the expenses which would be involved in the construction of culverts, and the making of `fills' between School and Wilkin streets would cause too great an assessment to the few for the benefit of all, and would really be of little benefit to those upon whom the assessment would fall the heaviest." CHRISTOPHER DIES On November 6, 1887, Christopher Carli, after several days of delirium, died at the City Hospital on Greeley Street, aged 75 years, 10 months, and 29 days. A few years before his death, an accident with a runaway horse had badly injured him, and he was "incapacitated for active business." Christopher's estate and property — almost all of it in Carli & Schulenburg's Addition — was appraised at $12,000. Lydia was the executrix, and primary heir of her husband's estate. Bequests were made to his only surviving son, Christopher H. Carli, 113 Tax Assessors Records, 1886, SAM 5, Roll 8; City of Stillwater Building Permits #'s 1237, 1360, 1882; 7 Deeds 339, 59 Deeds 282. 114 In the 1884 Sanborn Insurance Atlas, the street is not open; by the 1888 Sanborn Insurance Atlas, it is open. 76 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater including the patent rights for J. C. Sharp's patent stump puller. A second son, Socrates N. Carli had died at a young age. (Following a family tradition, the widow of Socrates, Mattie May, married her brother-in-law, Christopher H. Carli.) There was also a bequest to his grandson, Christopher John A. Carli, the only son of Socrates N. Carli. The city hospital received $57 in payment of the bill for the last "care and attendance" of Dr. Carli. HOUSES OF THE 1890'S n the summer of 1890, Mads Nielson, a carpenter who lived across the street at 1002 N. First Street, built the house, which remains at1005 N. First Street today. On the building permit, the price of the house was estimated to be $450, the projected size was 20-feet by 26-feet deep, one -and -a -half stories, with 12-foot studs in the outside walls. Soren Johnson (or Sven Jensen as his name is spelled in one location), the owner, was a millwright."5 In the summer of 1890, Christopher H. Carli, manager of the stone quarry and the son of Lydia and Christopher, hired neighborhood carpenter Mads Nielson to build him a $1, 000 two-story building, 22 feet by 50 feet. The building, which took the number, 1124 N. Second Street, was to be a store on the first floor, and a dwelling on the second floor. For a few short years, this grocery store was operated by Nelson P. Staples, but after Christopher's commitment to the Rochester Hospital for the Insane in 1893, the building went into foreclosure. Less than a decade later, in 1897, George Wilson bought the building, and in 1899 he remodeled it. According to the building permit taken out by Wilson, the structure "had been used for store purposes downstairs & Res upstairs." It was Wilson's intention to have the "entire building converted into dwelling" which would cost "$500 about." In the process Wilson added "a 6' projection on south side to break the monotony, together with porches on east and south side." Beside the work on the structure itself, Wilson ordered the contractor to "also tear down an old barn & erect another on northwest corner of lot size 16' east & west, x 20 feet north & south with 12' dormer & pitched roof." "Also wood shed 10' x 20' between barn & house. Also closet 5' x 10' south of wood shed." 116 On a cold winter day in January, 1897, Magnus Gyllstrom purchased Lot 2, Block 8 from Lydia Carli. On this lot five years earlier, he had built his $700 home at 1012 N. Broadway. (I can only assume Magnus & Lydia had some kind of unrecorded agreement that dated from 1892 regarding his use of the land.) Magnus worked for the Stillwater Manufacturing Company. In 1902, Magnus paid A. L. 115 City of Stillwater Building Permit, #512b; Tax Assessors Records, 1891, SAM 7, Roll 19; Stillwater City Directory for 1894. 116 City of Stillwater Building Permit #'s 497, 482, 982, 984; 45 Deeds 441; Probate Court File #1451. 77 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Lydia Carli, probably taken in the 1880's. Courtesy Washington County Historical Society 78 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Dr. Christopher Carli, probably taken in the 1870's. Courtesy Washington County Historical Society 79 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Gillstrom of Houlton, $100 to construct an addition, one-story, 14 feet by 20 feet. The material was to be "second hand lumber."117 In the Nineteenth Century, generally, materials were expensive relative to labor. There was a good deal more recycling then than today. Lydia Carli gave a deed to Christian H. Moos for the south half of Lot 6, Block 16, in January of 1897. That summer Christian had local builder Soren Jensen (who lived at 1005 N. First Street) build him a $325 one -and -a -half story dwelling that was 20 feet by 24 feet. This home remains at 1219 N. First Street. Christian worked for a farm implement dealer in downtown Stillwater; his daughter, Mattie Moos, was a dressmaker. Three years after the house was built, there was an extensive fire causing $403 in damage. A spark from the chimney caused the fire. (In this period when many houses had wood shingles, chimney sparks were a major source of fire.) 118 Lydia Carli sold Gustav A. Ruehle the west one-half of Lot 3, Block 17 in the spring of 1896. Ruehle, who had previously lived at 1302 N. Second Street, moved into his new home at 214 E. Stillwater Street in the later part of 1896. Gustav worked for the Chicago St Paul Milwaukee & Omaha Railway. Today this home has been meticulously refurbished by its present owners, and probably looks better now than when it was new.119 In November of 1892, August Roy purchased Lot 1, Block 22. But three more years were to pass before he built his $600 home at 1324 N. First Street. Roy was an engineer for the Stillwater Manufacturing Company.120 In September of 1897, Julianna Westlund purchased a building lot from Lydia Carli. In October of that same year, she had a one-story $500 house, 12 feet by 22 feet by 36 feet deep built for her by C. O. Johnson, a house that remains today at 1223 N. Fourth Street. Julianna, the widow of John, was proprietress of a laundry at 252 N. Second Street. In 1921, Gunnard Bergsten, the owner, spent $250 to add two porches to the house.121 Lydia Carli sold a building lot to John P. and Ella Juhl in April 1897; the following month, he contracted with neighborhood carpenter Mads Nielson to build him a one -and -a -half story $500 14-foot-by-26-foot house that remains today at1319 N. Second Street. Juhl was a carpenter with the Stillwater Manufacturing Company. This home was subsequently sold to John and Ella's daughter, Ruth, 117 45 Deeds 237; Stillwater City Directories for 1894, 1896-7, 1902; Tax Assessors Records, 1893, SAM 7, Roll 27. 118 Tax Assessors Records, 1896, SAM 7, Roll 32; Stillwater City Directory for 1898-99; Stillwater Fire Dept. Runs by Address, 1896-1906 [typescript]; City of Stillwater Building Permit #'s 917 & 920. 119 Stillwater City Directory, 1896-97; 45 Deeds 79; Tax Assessors Records, 1896, SAM 7, Roll 32. 120 35 Deeds 352; Tax Assessors Records, 1896, SAM 7, Roll 32. 121 45 Deeds 388; Tax Assessors Records, 1898, SAM 70, Roll 40; Stillwater City Directory for 1898-99; City of Stillwater Building Permit #'s 9441/2 & 1834. 80 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 4- m 0 L iii 0 0 0 co Z 0) r cl d E to 2 0 3•� C d U U o) 12 o 0 Cs) 2 I 0 Y d t 0 0 2 I L N t F- 81 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater who was married to Herman Mechelke. Upon Ruth's death, the house was sold to to a nephew, Craig Hoffbeck and his wife, Jeannine. This is a "century house" meaning the home has been in the same family for over a century.122 LYDIA DIES Tydia Carli died on August 11, 1905 at the age of 87. She had made her Jway from Pennsylvania to Chicago as a teenage girl; her first husband had suffered bankruptcy and died leaving her with five children; she had moved to the Minnesota wilderness at the request of her stepbrother, and married her brother-in-law. She had come to Stillwater when there was no Stillwater; in her lifetime it had grown to become the third largest city in Minnesota. In 1854, she and her husband had platted part of Carli & Schulenburg's Addition, but a depression came four years later, and it took them almost thirty years to realize a profit from their lots. The years had not been particularly kind to her. She had been alone since the death of her husband 18 years earlier. Many of her children and grandchildren were dead. In her lifetime, she had experienced considerable poverty. In 1893, her son, C. H. Carli, had been declared insane, and taken to the State Hospital at Rochester. Feeble, almost blind, her two children, Maria Bolles and Joseph R. Carli (by her first husband, Paul Carli) looked after her at her house on E. Aspen Street. But in an interview a few years before her death, the young woman who had once only wanted money, expressed the following sentiments: am not afraid of going; the final ending has no terrors for me. Of course, I am in no particular hurry; this world is good enough for me; and, furthermore, I don't know anything about the next world. I came into this world with my eyes shut; I expect to go out of it under the same conditions. I have lived here fifty-eight years and have always been at peace with all mankind. It is a pleasure to me as I look back over my past life to realize that I was one of the vanguard, one of the pioneers who assisted in unlocking the gates of western civilization. I have no quarrel with the world, and though my life has been checkered with the usual vicissitudes and its devious paths, not always strewn with flowers; quite the contrary; but with advancing years have come the blessings of contentment and serene peace. Everybody is good to me, and my declining years are pleasant and peaceful."I23 122 45 Deeds 458; Stillwater City Directory for 1902; Tax Assessors Records, 1898, SAM 7, Roll 40; City of Stillwater Building Permit # 927. 123 History of the St. Croix Valley, Augustus Easton, ed, H.C. Cooper, Jr. & Co, Chicago, 1909, page 14. 82 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Joseph R. Carli was the executor of her will, but he died in January of 1907 before her will was probated. Two other potential executors were approached, but declined. Finally, in 1913, eight years after Lydia's death, her granddaughter from St. Paul, Lydia Tubbs, was appointed to finish administering the will. Her estate was appraised at $2,500 in personal property, and $3,000 in real estate, mostly unsold lots in the south half of Carli & Schulenburg's Addition. Lydia Tubbs, age 42, the granddaughter, inherited her house on N. Broadway. Her daughter, Maria Bolles, age 70, was given a set of dishes Dr. Carli had brought from Germany as well as the possession of the house at 1105 N. Second Street to use until her death. Her son, Joseph R. Carli, age 66, was given the paintings painted by his father, Paul, all those many years ago in Chicago. He also received her horse-drawn phaeton. The grandson, Christopher J. A. was given some lots in the neighborhood, and her other son, Christopher H. — since released from the State Hospital in Rochester — was excused from his debts to the estate.124 AFTER THE TURN OF THE CENTURY In late November of 1904, John Bergeron moved up the hill from his house on North Main Street, and built himself a home at 1204 North Broadway. The house was to be one -and -one-half stories, 14 feet by 42 feet, and the cost was $650. In August of 1905, The Swedish Christian Methodist Church, having built a new church at 320 N. Fourth Street (today Loome Theological Books), sold the site of their previous location to Edward Johnson who built a store at 807 N. Fourth Street which took the name of the (Carl) Berglund and (Carl) Peterson Grocery Store. Mr. Johnson ran the meat market across the street at 808 N. Fourth Street. For the first half of the century, these were the local food markets for this neighborhood.125 In 1908, a small house was built on the south east corner of N. Third and St. Croix Streets which took the number 1211 N. Third Street. Soon thereafter, the owner, a L. Blome, hired local carpenter Mads Nielson to add a $200 kitchen addition, 14 feet by 16 feet, with one chimney.126 About 1911, August Gast, a foreman for the Northwest Thresher Company, moved from Dutchtown to build the home at 1117 N. Fourth Street. This is the second house on that lot. In 1918, August had a contractor, Alfred Zaller, add a 124 Washington County Probate File #2667. 125 58 Deeds 390; the store first appears in the 1906-07 Stillwater City Directory.Do you 126 City of Stillwater Building Pernut # 1636. 83 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater A flash flood washed out a house next to the ravine during an 1894 flash flood at the corner of N. Fourth and W. Hickory Street. This view, looking west, shows the remaining house and the Swedish Congregational Mission Church, also shown on the next page. Photo Courtesy Washington County Historical Society 84 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater This view of the 1894 ravine flood shows the front of the remaining house and church, which was subsequently replaced by the Berglund & Peterson Grocery Store at 807 N. Fourth Street. Courtesy Washington County Historical Society 85 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater a)ai a m- _� tq c Ot MZi.4 O ,., t +'1 _ c - v t O L.. O O O- al CL. 'G Or , Z-_ Ott a1` t c 0 0 .Gc_co.cNN*. 4.0 N M W.1)(1.11. C d7cr) 0 c ° O u = G) .> c00 c "- ctwo 4-' NH. N 0 O 'a � c0O E. as%-• v) = Vi N O 1 M V L. +O+ M c v t (Ts c 81O�.;c 0 d a)c0co O y m L. c0 O d d 0 3 i t .Cm‘t cooQO N c N 2 t N 0 .c c0 t d C) ) t/� QH c Q •— The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater cr) 4 LL O O• •v + a)▪ + C d Rs12 Ls� NL. N CCU O 'a C = > R d +- ▪ COd v L • C C 03 to r -C ±O'-0 O E+.. i. a"'W . ...ow to 0 co ` a'>,� +' W E +� oN u.'`mom O EZo nt E"- 'N 0) o Z ▪ L 4- • fl. CD O Ch ,= N O c 12 • O (an)•� 0.C• O O 3 O C • CD O N • r • d ▪ W P. v N co • O d • Z- 10 4• .3 CD d t 0 F �O N •C 87 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater second floor and two new chimneys to the house at a cost of about $800. The permit noted that "The building is built of wood and has been used for seven years," and the upstairs was to be 20 feet by 42 feet.127 In June of 1921, Walter Anderson, an employee of the Andersen Lumber Company, built a $3,500 home at 1020 North Broadway. According to the building permit, the house was to be one -and -a -half story, 24 feet by 30 feet, with a stucco finish and two chimneys.128 In the summer of 1927, Christ Nielsen, who had been living at 209 E. Wilkin Street, built himself a small craftsman style bungalow at 1213 N. Second Street. According to the permit, it was to be one -and -a -half stories, 22 feet by 26 feet, and cost $2,500.129 In the 1930's, only one house was built in the neighborhood; that was at 106 W. Stillwater Street in 1937. Sometime during this period, a home at 312 E. St. Croix Street was demolished after sitting vacant for some time. In the 1940's, there were three homes constructed. In 1941, Martin Hansen built a Cape Cod style home at 1305 N. First Street. According to the building permit, Frank. W. Steinmetz of the Consolidated Lumber Company was the architect. The cost was to be $4, 700, and the size of the house, one -and -a -half story, 38 feet by 32 feet. In 1943, Hansen added a $300 garage, 18 feet by 22 feet, with a flat roof, the "same elevation as basement. "3° After the Second World War, in 1945, the first house appeared in the old quarry. Irving Overman, a Minneapolis resident who had summered on the St. Croix River for years, moved a small summer cabin into the north end of the quarry site and set it up on blocks. In the following years, he added to the house until it stretched across the bluff top. On his death in 1968 however, his daughter tore down the old cabin and built the present house that remains at 1221 N. Broadway. In 1946, a home was built at 1221 N. First Street, and the following year, another house was erected at 1307 N. Broadway. In the building boom of the 1950's, there were 12 new houses built in the neighborhood. Only two of them, 1005 N. Second Street and 904 N. First Street, were erected on the site of a house which had been previously demolished. In 1952, the first of the permanent houses to be constructed in the old quarry was built at 1117 N. Broadway by Frank and Ruth Steinmetz. Frank was vice -President of 127 Stillwater City Directory for 1912; City of Stillwater Building Permit #1687. 128 City of Stillwater Building Permit, # 1831; Stillwater City Directory for 1927-28. 129 City of Stillwater Building Permit # 2175. 13° City of Stillwater Building Permit #'s 2626, 2729 88 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Consolidated Lumber Company. In 1957, James & Viola Russell contracted with George Seigfried to build them a home at 921 N. Second Street. Vi Russell was for many years the Director of Community Volunteer Services, a job for which she is honored today by the Vi Russell Award. In the 1960's, six more new houses were squeezed into the area, including a second house on the edge of the old quarry at 913 N. Broadway. Since 1970, fourteen more houses have been added — most of them as fill in among the older homes. In the 1990's, a newer house at 1023 N. Broadway was burned down to make room for a larger and grander house. Another newer house at 918 N. Second Street was demolished to expand an estate on N. Fourth Avenue. In 1998, an old house at 220 E. Stillwater Street fell when it was raised off it's original foundation to build a new basement underneath; it was replaced with a new structure. Some family names for over a half century: Jensen -Peterson, Finken, Coleman, Kollander, Stevenson, Steinmetz, Roettger, Churchill, Ewing, Akey, Sjoholm-Johnson, Juhl-Mechelke-Hoffbeck, Cayou. For the first half of the twentieth century in this neighborhood, the grocery store was the Berglund Peterson (later the Robertson) store at 807 N. Fourth Street. Deliveries to the homes were made twice a day: at first by the grocery store itself; later by Rueben Jacobson or George Seim who, with his horse and wagon, would make the rounds of all the stores to fill orders for the housewife. Across the street from the Berglund Peterson store in a building since demolished, was Johnson's Meat Market. Henry Binker, a teamster employed by the city, who lived first at 1202 N. Second Street, and later at 1220 N. Broadway, delivered water in his horse drawn tanker to the residents of the neighborhood filling their cisterns with drinking water. For washing and cleaning rain water was drained from the gutters into rain barrels. In the winter, Binker used his horse and a wooden plow to clear the local sidewalks of snow. When living at 1220 N. Broadway, he kept his horses in an enclosed pasture on the northeast corner of E. Stillwater and N. First Streets. Today the houses at 1203 and 1217 N. First Street occupy the old pasture land. Children growing up in the neighborhood played in the quarry, or ventured down the steep bluff to swim in the river which, for many years in the 1930's and 40's, was much shallower than it is now. (In fact, it is remembered that in those years, it was almost possible to walk across the river.) Some of the more rowdy boys might use the quarry heights to throw stones, or tomatoes or eggs at the cars passing on the roadway below. The neighborhood kids might also romp in Atwood's 89 The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater Field 131 which is remembered as being filled with daisies. In the winter, there was sliding on the surrounding hills. Neighborhood children could begin their sled run at N. Second and E. Sycamore Streets, and end up at the bottom of the N. Broadway hill at E. Sycamore Street. But one of the best sliding places was the dip in N. Second Street between E. Wilkin and E. Laurel Streets which the city was obliging enough to close to automobile traffic. Ice skating was on the river, on the golf course ponds, or at Staples field. Movies were 15 cents at the Majestic or Auditorium theatres downtown. Harry Stewart's confectionary store at 212 N. Main Street was a must stop on the walk home. On the fourth of July, there was a trip to "the point," or "the big peak" on the east side of the end of N. Broadway Street (where the house at 913 N. Broadway now stands) to watch the fireworks. In the early part of the century, the children went to Lincoln School at W. Laurel and N. Fourth Streets. After graduating from 7th Grade there, it was off to Central School for 8th Grade at the top of the S. Third Street hill, kitty corner from the Historic Courthouse. One student remembers the lunch hour as being an hour and 15 minutes, and in good weather she and her fellow students would walk home for lunch. In the 1930's, Washington School at N. Everett and E. Mulberry Streets was built, and that became the local grade school, followed by a sojourn at the High School, across W. Pine Street from the Historic Courthouse. The streets were not paved, and particularly in the spring and fall, they were very muddy. Before paving, the streets had gutters that were much deeper than at present; cleaning these out required considerable effort. The call box for the fire department (before telephones were standard equipment in every house) was on the corner of N. First and E. Stillwater Streets. Taken as a whole however, the neighborhood must look fairly similar to its appearance in 1905 when Lydia Carli died. The quarry site is filled with homes; the Territorial Prison is reduced to one building; many of the houses have been added to, and "modernized;" the residents of the area have new names and different kinds of occupations, but if Christopher and Lydia Carli were to walk these streets again today, they would certainly recognize the neighborhood they began developing over a century and a half ago. 131 Atwood's Field was between E. Sycamore Street and the residences of Dutchtown. See my History of Dutchtown. 90 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater This house at 1323 N. First Street was photographed around 1936 when it was being painted. The young girl is Marlene Peterson Burrel. Photo Courtesy of Brent Peterson 91 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater The house previously at 1204 N. First Street was jacked up on cribs so a basement could be added. During the process of straightening the house, it collapsed and had to be demolished. A new house has replaced it on the corner lot. Photo by Donald Empson 92 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater. The unusual newel post (top) is at 1212 N. Second St. This newel post and the pegged beam in the basement (bottom) suggest this house may have been built earlier and moved to this location in the 1880's. According to the present owner, Larry Schmitz, the basic house is constructed of Togs underneath and several layers of siding. Photo by Donald Empson 93 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 94 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 95 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater • w o os`) es ca 3m O Z b L N s. O 4.3 CO Z r CM d 0 O C 0 d U 0 LT mCO id a0 ui N 96 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 97 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater c O co c.) O .co G t. CO Es d 0- O.c 4.0 c) c •E o L c.i Ma) c W a) c w cc c N I' .fir • a) -c co In co da 0 r en c a3 co 13-v O co o .c 2z c, oN m'- o`d Ea' a) z a, o cat o. d O E ro E .0 o ++ N A y L s Q) F- 3 O N co 3 98 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater a) ca = .= d CD Q. CO 0 _ CD -a a)Q Q_ -a) .Q LO O d c - . _ ud h:. m CD— os 0) _ ca oCD N VA..c 0 E E E—L co co 9 3 rn a� o Q a± a) V c Y i d r = ) N o t0 3N w L �03 mo vas L 0. L E N . E.cZ T- eo N L _ > E Ot 'hoto Courtes o Norman Kol an..ei 99 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 100 The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater c-. 4 CO m v c Z 0) Y u. 4.re- C AyQ .Q m .V o > CA Q O C cC Z3 to•0 a) V m 3 o ,EU cu aauo (0 0o ,r0o- 0 4-1 z> L L i - d co o c = co co 4• E ° w L ( •> I- LL o as @ a)co T- d g as 0 o N c�3a ==a;o o C > o�Z'-0 t a= CD C .— i •� .5Q R N 3 N YcO> c c� 101 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Frieda (Doerr) Kollander standing at the bottom of the stairs that connected N. Broadway to E. Elm Street. Photo Courtesy of Norman Kollander 102 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Two local "Century Homes" in the neighborhood have been in the same family for over 100 years: The Juhl-Mechelke-Hoffbeck home (above) at 1319 N. Second Street and the Cayou home (below) at 1104 N. First Street. Photos by Donald Empson 103 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Above is an old building behind 1121 N.°Fourth Street, now a garage, sided with lithograph plates from the local newspaper. Below is an old chicken coop also used as a playhouse behind 1323 N. First Street. Photo by Donald Ernpson 104 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Two examples of the "Stillwater shed," an outbuilding style with one abbreviated gable that seems to be unique to Stillwater. Above is a small shed at 204 E. Stillwater. Below is an old barn turned into a garage at 1122 N. Broadway. Photos by Donald Enn,pson 105 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater This 1881 home at 204 E. Stillwater Avenue is an excellent example of a typical "ell" house of the period. (See pages 37 & 38.) The front picture window was originally two separate windows. Photo by Donald Empson The carriage step used to be in front of the Christopher Carli, Jr., home at 1122 N. Broadway. Currie is probably John Currie, a stone cutter listed in the 1890-91 Stillwater City Directory. The names are in relief rather than carved into the stone. Photo by Donald Empson 106 ;0 . r f Lf J rr Eli9 LLUtJ Eig u. .� nsw,n• <,t++.w w:a.es j.;;i.fti� 14.1'' i %S > .^�� .... _ '!tG AYs•r2L A iry ('� �'•, .i !{:. 'Zl J" • 1 ��`�-,•tip _,.,.�. �.�-� NV!'ram GENERAL PLAN CITY OF STILLWATER MINNESOTA SHOWING -PARKS - BOVLEVARDS AND -MAIN -HIGHWAY-SYSTEM MORELL A NICHOLS - LANDSCAPE -ARCHITECTS i EtiC1NEERS MINNCAPOLIS - MINNESOTA SCALE ,t 400 LEGEND MAIN STREETS �.... NEW PROPOSED PARKS EZZO PRESENT PARKS 3po,tl'T'W RECLAIMED LAND NEW ARTERIAL STREETS 1116. VACATED STREETS M= -' Part of a plan for the City of Stillwater suggested in 1918. Notice the proposed park on the river side of N. Broadway where the quarry was, and the park proposed on what is today part of the golf course. A Parkway would have traversed the neighborhood by going east on E. Wilkin, north on N. Broadway, west one block on E. St. Croix, north two blocks on N. First, east on E. Juniper (since vacated) to the bluff top, north two blocks along the bluff, west on Balsam (since vacated) to then wind diagonally to Brown's Creek. These Parkways would have given splendid river views to the public; instead today the views are all private property. Plan of Stillwater, Morell & Nichols, Minneapolis, Minn. 1918. 107 The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater c _ 4 CL ti E 0 Z E O ._ O CO -0 cp O e 03 4-+ C 0) Q C CO 03 0. L L 0 -� N H ca 0 y O M c°� 0 0 43) O y E 0 c0y O O >, 0 O 11 O H O G) -0 VI 'c•+ d —c o u) CO o 00 L 0. o' 108 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Photo Courtesy of Norman Kollander 109 The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater 110 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater APPENDIX A BUILDING DATES (Sorted by date) The following is a listing of the houses in the neighborhood by the date they were built. For over six months, I have researched these houses and their building dates. I have used the records of the yearly visits by the tax assessor which are now in the Minnesota State Archives; I have used the City of Stillwater Building Permits; I have used the deeds and mortgages found in the Washington County Recorder's Office; in short, I have thoroughly researched the dates that I present below. In many cases, particularly for those homes built before 1900, my building dates in bold will be different than the dates (in parenthesis) you have for your house. This difference in dates is generally the result of a real estate agent using the (in parenthesis) building date found in the Assessor's Office when listing the home for sale. Before 1900, these (in parenthesis) dates in the Assessor's Office are generally inaccurate, and only meant to serve as a general guideline. 1874 (1873) Broadway N. 1320 1874 (1873) Broadway N. 1322 1874 (1883) Second N. 1024 1875 ( 1878) Third N. 920 1877 (1878) First N. 1323 1877 (1884) Third N. 805 1878 (1878) Fourth N. 1121 1879 (1868) Wilkin W. 120 1879 (1878) Fourth N. 921 1880 Second N. 1008 1880 (1868) First N. 1024 1880 (1878) Fourth N. 1001 1880 (1878) Fourth N. 1007 1880 (1878) Third N. 1124 1880 (1878) First N. 1118 111 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 1881 (1868) First N. 1002 1881 (1868) Fourth N. 821 1881 (1872) Second N. 1003 1881 (1873) Second N. 1206 1881 (1873) Second N. 1224 1881 (1874) Wilkin E. 324 1881 (1878) First N. 1104 1881 (1878) Second N. 1112 1881 (1878) Second N. 1116 1881 (1878) St. Croix E. 203 1881 (1880) Second N. 1212 1881 (1880) Second N. 1214 1881 (1880) St. Croix E. 202 1881 (1882) Second N. 1019 1881 (1882) Third N. 0804 1881 (1882) Third N. 1120 1881 (1883) First N. 1103 1881 (1883) First N. 1120 1881 (1883) Second N. 1209 1881 (1884) Stillwater E. 204 1881 (1888) First N. 1023 1882 (1878) Broadway N. 1116 1882 (1878) Broadway N. 1220 1882 (1878) First N. 1015 1882 (1878) First N. 1313 1882 (1878) Second N. 1007 1882 (1878) Second N. 1106 1882 (1878) Second N. 1111 1882 (1878) St. Croix E. 324 1882 (1880) Broadway N. 1110 1882 (1882) Second N. 1101 112 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 1882 (1882) Second N. 1105 1882 (1883) First N. 1011 1882 (1883) First N. 1304 1882 (1893) First N. 1107 1882(1848) First N. 1220 1883 (1868) First N. 1012 1883 (1868) First N. 1016 1883 (1876) First N. 1312 1883 (1878) Broadway N. 1312 1883 (1882) Broadway N. 1317 1883 (1882) Wilkin E. 209 1883 (1883) Second N. 1302 1884 (1868) First N. 1020 1884 (1880) Second N. 1121 1884 (1883) Second N. 1316 1884 (1883) Third N. 1207 1884 (1886) Second N. 1202 1885 (1874) Wilkin W. 106 1885 (1878) Third N. 1203 1885 (1886) Third N. 1022 1886 (1886) Broadway N. 1122 1887 (1888) First N. 1123 1889 (1878) First N. 1214 1890 (1878) First N. 1005 1890 (1882) Second N. 1124 1892 (1878) Broadway N. 1012 1895 (1892) Fourth N. 903 1895 (1898) First N. 1324 1896 (1882) Stillwater E. 214 1897 (1873) First N. 1219 113 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 1897 (1880) Fourth N. 1223 1897 (1888) Second N. 1319 1901 Fourth N. 807 1904 (1888) Broadway N. 1204 1908 Third N. 1211 1911 (1903) Fourth N. 1117 1921 (1919) Broadway N. 1020 1927 (1927) Second N. 1213 1937 Stillwater W 106 1941 (1947) First N. 1305 1946 First N. 1221 1947 Broadway N. 1307 1950 First N. 1115 1951 First N. 1203 1951 Second N. 1005 1952 Broadway N. 1117 1952 Second N. 1117 1952 Third N. 1206 1955 Second N. 1320 1955 Wilkin E. 105 1956 First N. 904 1956 Second N. 1315 1957 Second N. 921 1960 Broadway N. 913 114 The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater 1960 First N. 1314 1962 Second N. 1022 1968 Broadway N. 1221 1968 Third N. 1119 1969 First N. 1106 1971 Broadway N. 1008 1972 Second N. 902 1973 Third N. 1303 1975 First N. 1112 1975 Third N. 1212 1975 Third N. 1218 1975 Third N. 1224 1979 Third N. 1111 1980 Third N. 1311 1983 Stillwater W. 108-110 1984 Broadway N. 1208 1984 First N. 1217 1984 Third N. 1016 1986 Stillwater E. 211 1987 Second N. 1310 1990 Broadway N. 900 1993 Fourth N. 809 1994 Broadway N. 1013 1998 Broadway N. 1023 1998 Broadway N. 1101 1998 St. Croix E. 150 1998 Stillwater E. 220 115 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 116 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater APPENDIX B BUILDING DATES (Sorted by Address) The following is a listing of the houses in the neighborhood by the address and date they were built. For over six months, I have researched these houses and their building dates. I have used the records of the yearly visits by the tax assessor which are now in the Minnesota State Archives; I have used the City of Stillwater Building Permits; I have used the deeds and mortgages found in the Washington County Recorder's Office; in short, I have thoroughly researched the dates that I present below. In many cases, particularly for those homes built before 1900, my building dates in bold will be different than the dates (in parenthesis) you have for your house. This difference in dates is generally the result of a real estate agent using the (in parenthesis) building date found in the Assessor's Office when listing the home for sale. Before 1900, these (in parenthesis) dates in the Assessor's Office are generally inaccurate, and only meant to serve as a general guideline. Broadway N. 900 1990 Broadway N. 913 1960 Broadway N. 1008 1971 Broadway N. 1012 1892 (1878) Broadway N. 1013 1994 Broadway N. 1020 1921 (1919) Broadway N. 1023 1998 Broadway N. 1101 1998 Broadway N. 1110 1882 (1880) Broadway N. 1116 1882 (1878) Broadway N. 1117 1952 Broadway N. 1122 1886 (1886) Broadway N. 1204 1904 (1888) Broadway N. 1208 1984 117 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Broadway N. 1220 1882 (1878) Broadway N. 1221 1968 Broadway N. 1307 1947 Broadway N. 1312 1883 (1878) Broadway N. 1317 1883 (1882) Broadway N. 1320 1874 (1873) Broadway N. 1322 1874 (1873) First N. 904 1956 First N. 1002 1881 (1868) First N. 1005 1890 (1878) First N. 1011 1882 (1883) First N. 1012 1883 (1868) First N. 1015 1882 (1878) First N. 1016 1883 (1868) First N. 1020 1884 (1868) First N. 1023 1881 (1888) First N. 1024 1880 (1868) First N. 1103 1881 (1883) First N. 1104 1881 (1878) First N. 1106 1969 First N. 1107 1882 (1893) First N. 1112 1975 First N. 1115 1950 First N. 1118 1880 (1878) First N. 1120 1881 (1883) First N. 1123 1887 (1888) First N. 1203 1951 First N. 1214 1889 (1878) First N. 1217 1984 First N. 1219 1897 (1873) First N. 1220 1882(1848) 118 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater First N. 1221 1946 First N. 1304 1882 (1883) First N. 1305 1941 (1947) First N. 1312 1883 (1876) First N. 1313 1882 (1878) First N. 1314 1960 First N. 1323 1877 (1878) First N. 1324 1895 (1898) Fourth N. 807 1901 Fourth N. 809 1993 Fourth N. 821 1881 (1868) Fourth N. 903 1895 (1892) Fourth N. 921 1879 (1878) Fourth N. 1001 1880 (1878) Fourth N. 1007 1880 (1878) Fourth N. 1117 1911 (1903) Fourth N. 1121 1878 (1878) Fourth N. 1223 1897 (1880) Second N. 902 1972 Second N. 921 1957 Second N. 1003 1881 (1872) Second N. 1005 1951 Second N. 1007 1882 (1878) Second N. 1008 1880 Second N. 1019 1881 (1882) Second N. 1022 1962 Second N. 1024 1874 (1883) Second N. 1101 1882 (1882) Second N. 1105 1882 (1882) Second N. 1106 1882 (1878) Second N. 1111 1882 (1878) 119 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Second N. 1112 1881 (1878) Second N. 1116 1881 (1878) Second N. 1117 1952 Second N. 1121 1884 (1880) Second N. 1124 1890 (1882) Second N. 1202 1884 (1886) Second N. 1206 1881 (1873) Second N. 1209 1881 (1883) Second N. 1212 1881 (1880) Second N. 1213 1927 (1927) Second N. 1214 1881 (1880) Second N. 1224 1881 (1873) Second N. 1302 1883 (1883) Second N. 1310 1987 Second N. 1315 1956 Second N. 1316 1884 (1883) Second N. 1319 1897 (1888) Second N. 1320 1955 St. Croix E. 150 1998 St. Croix E. 202 1881 (1880) St. Croix E. 203 1881 (1878) St. Croix E. 324 1882 (1878) Stillwater E. 204 1881 (1884) Stillwater E. 211 1986 Stillwater E. 214 1896 (1882) Stillwater E. 220 1998 Stillwater W 106 1937 Stillwater W. 108-110 1983 Third N. 804 1881 (1882) Third N. 805 1877 (1884) Third N. 920 1875 (1878 ) 120 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Third N. 1016 1984 Third N. 1022 1885 (1886) Third N. 1111 1979 Third N. 1119 1968 Third N. 1120 1881 (1882) Third N. 1124 1880 (1878) Third N. 1203 1885 (1878) Third N. 1206 1952 Third N. 1207 1884 (1883) Third N. 1211 1908 Third N. 1212 1975 Third N. 1218 1975 Third N. 1224 1975 Third N. 1303 1973 Third N. 1311 1980 Wilkin E. 105 1955 Wilkin E. 209 1883 (1882) Wilkin E. 324 1881 (1874) Wilkin W. 106 1885 (1874) Wilkin W. 120 1879 (1868) 121 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 122 The South One -Half of the Carli Sehulenburg Addition to Stillwater Appendix C These are the names, addresses and occupations for this neighborhood from the 1894-1895 R.L. Polk and Co. City Directory. If you had lived in this area a century ago, these would have been your neighbors, the people you knew. In a few cases, there are homes I know existed which are not listed in the Directory, for example, 1122 N. Broadway. Despite its mistakes, however, I think this is a good indication of who lived in the neighborhood and what they did for a living. Notice the houses listed along North Main Street, all of which are gone today, as are many of the homes in the 900 block of North First Street. Res. means generally the home owner; Bds. means a boarder, often an adult child of the home owner. Aspen E. 214, August Anderson, molder, res. Aspen E. 322, Lonzo D. Tubbs, livestock, bds. Aspen E. 322, Lydia A. Carli (wid Christopher), res. Aspen E. 322, Martha T. Kolbe, domestic. Broadway N. 1008, John A. F. Krueger, barber 226 N. Main, res. Broadway N. Broadway N. Broadway N. Broadway N. Broadway N. Broadway N. Broadway N. Broadway N. 1012, Charles E. Anderson, carp. Stillwater Mnfg. Co. res, rear 1012, Elias Johnson, res. rear. 1012, John Gyllstrom, clk J. P Hanson, bds. 1012, Magnus Gyllstrom, lab, res. 1110, Ernest Korn, barber C. Woods, bds. 1110, Julius Korn, res. 1116, John S. May, guard Minn State Prison, res. 1118, John W. Bergeron, foreman Schulenburg & B L Co., res. Broadway N. 1122, Joseph F. Connolly, foreman Union Shoe & L Co, res. Broadway N. 1122, Mrs. May Carli, res. Broadway N. Broadway N. Broadway N. Broadway N. 1220, Louis N. Bergeron, foreman Schulenburg & B L Co., res. 1312, Adolph Doerr (Doerr Bros. & Co.) bds 1312, Gustaf A. Kress (Doerr Bros & Co) res. 1312, Leo Doerr, lab Schulenburg & B L Co., bds. 123 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Broadway N. 1317, Wm. Bergen, cook, res. Broadway N. 1317, Wm. Bergeron, cook, res. Broadway N. 1320, John Merritt, rafter Schulenburg & B L Co, res. Broadway N. Broadway N. Broadway N. Broadway N. Broadway N. 1321, Adolph Revord, boomman, bds. 1321, Adolph Revord, Jr. boomman, bds. 1322, Isaac Poirier, carp, res. 1322, Jeremiah Lecuyer, boomman, bds 1322, Oliver Lecuyer, boomman, res Elm E., 218, Ishmael Barrett, res. First N. 0904, Edward Murphy, lab. res. First N. 0904, Phillip Gilandeau, lab, res. First N. 0910, Bernard Murphy, bds. First N. 0910, Norah Murphy (wid Bartholomew), res. First N. 0912, John Brostrom, lab. Stillwater Union Depot & Trans Co, bds. First N. 0912, Magnus Brostrom, elev opr. Lumbermen's Exchange, res. First N. 0914, Jacob Johnson, lab. G. H. Atwood, res. First N. 0914, John Johnson, bds. First N. 1001, John Lundeen Jr, bds. First N. 1001, John Lundeen, carp, res. First N. 1001, John Mystrom, lab, Minn Thresher Mnfg. Co, res. First N. 1001, Ole Lundeen, lab, bds. First N. 1002, Madt Nelson, carp. res. First N. 1002, Mary Person (wid. Magnus) res. First N. 1005, Soren Johnson, millwright, res. First N. 1011, Charles A. Johnson, teamster Minn. Thresher Mnfg. Co, res. First N. 1012, Rudolph Lange, carp, res. First N. 1015, Adolph Poirier, levee master, bds. First N. 1015, Joseph E. Poirier, clk, res. First N. 1015, Mrs. Maria Bolles, res. 124 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater First N. 1016, M. Robert Blank (Rutherford & Blank) res. First N. 1019, Edward Dupuis, boomman, bds. First N. 1019, Gilbert Dupuis, boomman, bds. First N. 1019, Nels Dupuis, boomman, bds. First N. 1019, Simon Dupuis, res. First N. 1020, Charles Grensing, lab. Schulenburg & B L Co., res. First N. 1021, John King, lab. G. H. Atwood, res. First N. 1023, Daniel Hughes, lab Schulenburg & B L Co., bds. First N. 1023, James Hughes, lab Schulenburg & B L Co., bds. First N. 1023, Owen Hughes, blksmith, Schulenburg & B L Co, res. First N. 1024, Louis Cayou, eng. res. First N. 1024, Mrs. Virginia Cayou, res. First N. 1103, Charles McLaughlin, lab, bds. First N. 1103, Charles Tranter, blksmith Schulenburg & B L Co, res. First N. 1103, Charles Tranter, Jr, lab, Schulenburg & B L Co, bds. First N. 1104, George W. Graham, sawyer, Schulenburg & B L Co, res. First N. 1106, Joseph Hamel, carp E. Northey, res. First N. 1106, Wm. Hamel, clk L. Albenberg, bds. First N. 1107, Aaron Johnson, carp. res. First N. 1107, Hilma Johnson, seamstress, bds. First N. 1107, Louis P. Anderson, clk Stillwater Hardware Co, res. First N. 1120, James E. Murray, bds. First N. 1120, Martin W. Murray, foreman, res. First N. 1123, Bernard G. Menslage, harnessmkr Theo Jassoy & Son, res. First N. 1123, Frederick Balfanz, lab, res. First N. 1214, Llewellyn N. Staples, clk Schulenburg & B L Co, res. First N. 1220, Frank H. Hall, res. First N. 1302, August Roettger, lab, res. First N. 1304. August Rutke, lab. res. 125 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater First N. 1304, August Neumann, lab, res. First N. 1312, First N. 1312, First N. 1312, First N. 1313, First N. 1313, First N. 1322, First N. 1322, First N. 1322, Caroline Krueger (wid. John) res. Frank Krueger, sashmkr, bds. Paul Krueger, harnessmkr Theo Jassoy & Son, bds. Charles Noack, lab. Schulenburg & B L Co, res. Matilda Noack, laundress H. Koesters, bds. Frank Greff, lab. Schulenburg & B L Co, bds. Herman Greff, lab, bds. Paul Greff, lab,. bds. First N. 1332, Charles Greff, lab, res. First s.w. cor. E. First s.w. cor. E. Fourth N. 0805, Fourth N. 0805, Fourth N. 0821, Fourth N. 0921, Fourth N. 1001, Fourth N. 1001, Sycamore, August Roy, eng. res. [1324 N. First] Sycamore, Oliver Roy, res. John B. Maynard, foreman Union Shoe & L. Co. bds. John Mehle, shoemkr, res. Charles Jackson, rafter, res. Servina Jacobson, domestic. Sarah J. Curley, dressmkr, bds. Thomas H. Curley, bkpr Stillwater Mnfg. Co, res. Fourth N. 1007, John Clarey, expman, res. Fourth N. 1117, Arthur Quincey, boomman, bds. Fourth N. 1117, Charles F. Quincey, foreman, res. Fourth N. 1117, Margaret M. Quincey, student, Stillwater Business College, bds. Fourth N. n.e. cor Elm, James D. Lotts, meats 808 N. 4th, res. Main N. 1204 Arthur Mitchell, wks G. H. Atwood, res. Main N. 1204, Agnes L. King (wid John) res. Main N. 1207, John Bruckman, lab Schulenburg & B L Co., bds Main N. 1207, Mathias Bruckman, lab Schulenburg & B L Co., res. Main N. 1207, Wm Bruckman, lab, bds. Main N. 1214, Louis Baudras, rafter, res. Main N. 1214, Timothy Burke, lab Schulenburg & B L Co., res. 126 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Main N. 1216, Severe A. Cote, sawyer, res. Main N. 1220, Christian Guse, res. Main N. 1220, Godfrey Seikel, lab. res. Second N. 1003, Fay H. Bordwell, comp. Stillwater Messenger, bds. Second N. 1003, Lester Bordwell, guard Minn. State Prison, res. Second N. 1003, Maud Bordwell, seamstress Mrs. Annie Clark bds. Second N. 1008, Harlow Johnson, carp. res. Second N. 1008, Jonas Olson, bds. Second N. 1011, Annie Flink (wid John E.) res. Second N. 1019, Birgitte Anderson (wid Louis), res. Second N. 1021, Charles Bloom, mach, bds. Second N. 1021, Eva Bloom (wid of John) res. Second N. 1024, Charles R. Reed, mach, res. Second N. 1024, Ellen Lawson (wid. John) bds. Second N. 1024, Frederick Pauslon, lab. Oak Glen Farm, rms. Second N. 1101, Clara L. McDonald, dressmkr A. C. Schuttinger, bds. Second N. 1101, Francis McDonald, boomman, bds. Second N. 1101, Sarah McDonald (wid. Angus) res. Second N. 1105, Catherine Scott (wid Charles) housekpr. Second N. 1105, Christopher Haws, res. Second N. 1105, Wm. Engler, mate, res. Second N. 1106, Lena Biele, bds. Second N. 1106, Nathan D. Lammers, store mngr Schulenburg & B L Co, res. Second N. 1111, Martin A. Powers, boilermkr, res. Second N. Second N. Second N. Second N. Second N. 1112, Benjamen B. Bordwell, clk W. C. Masterman, bds. 1112, Frederick M. Bordwell, storekpr, Minn. State Prison, res. 1115, Alfred Strandberg, clk A. E. Edholm, res. 1115, Gustave Neudine, lab. res. 1115, Hans Johnson, lab. 1 Staples, res. 127 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Second N. 1116, Wm H. H. Taylor, guard Minn State Prison, res. Second N. 1121, Joseph Boufford, eng. Stillwater St. Ry. Co, res. Second N. 1124, N. P. Staples, Groceries (from the classified section) Second N. 1202, Henry Binker, teamster, res. Second N. 1206, Robert Rohda, lab. res. Second N. 1209, Michael Klatt, lab. res. Second N. 1212, Archibald T. Parker, guard Minn State Prison, res. Second N. 1212, Nancy Hawkinson, domestic. Second N. 1214, Henry Ruehle, clk C M & St. P Ry, res. Second N. 1214, Oscar Ruehle, boomman, bds. Second N. 1224, Henry Beckman, lab, Schulenburg & B L Co., res. Second N. 1302, Fred W. Raske, lab. East Side L Co. res. Second N. 1302, Frederick Roepke W. lab, res. Second N. 1302, Gustave A. Ruehle, lab, C St P M & 0 Ry, res. Second N. 1316, August Gelhar, wheelwright, Oak Glen farm, res. Second N. 1316, Frank Gelhar, lab. bds. Second N. 1316, Hattie M. Gelhar, clk Murphy & Co., bds. Second N. 1316, Paul Gelhar, driver J. M. Schaffer & Co, bds. St. Croix E. 202, John Litfin, bartndr, 112 N. Main, bds. St. Croix E. 202, Joseph Litfin, lab. Florence Mill Co, res. St. Croix E. 202, Josephine Lustig (wid John), res. St. Croix E. 203, Leo Raske, comp Gazette Ptg, Co, bds. St. Croix E. 203, Paul Raske, feeder Clewell & Easton, bds. St. Croix E. 203, Wm. Raske, watchman Minn Thresher Mnfg, Co. res. St. Croix E. 312, Joseph Roy, lab. res. St. Croix E. 324, John Juhl, lab. Schulenburg & B L Co, bds St. Croix E. 324, Mary Johnson (wid. Andrew), res. St. Croix E. 324, Wm Thompson, carp. bds. Stillwater E. 204, David J. Carufel, clk A. Johnson, res. 128 The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater Third N. 0804, Allen Underhill, foreman, bds. Third N. 0804, Benjamin N. Underhill, lumberman, res. Third N. 0805, Frank H. Sargent, photographer J. M. Kuhn, bds. Third N. 0805, Londrus Sargent, (Stillwater Mnfg Co, res. Third N. 0920, Harold C. Chambers, eng. Florence Mil Co, bds. Third N. 0920, Henry J. Chambers, bkpr, Florence Mill Co, res. Third N. 1022, David A. Blakeney, Superintendent and Ticket Agent Union Depot, res. Third N. 1022, Mary Nelson, domestic Third N. 1107, Hilda Johnson, dressmkr Mrs. H. Webster, bds. Third N. 1120, Melvin Koons, yeast mnfr 1120 N. 3rd, bds same Third N. 1120, Solomon F. Koons, mach, res. Third N. 1203, John J. Stinson, supt. Stillwater Union Depot & Transfer Co, res. Third N. 1207, Peter Russell, carp. res. Wilkins E. 209, Martin Christenson, lab, res. Wilkins W. 120, Edward N. Conrad, bkpr, bds. Wilkins W. 120, Emma Blad, domestic Wilkins W. 120, Gustaf Peterson, coachman, bds. Wilkins W. 120, Theodore R. Converse, sec. Stillwater Union Depot & Transfer Co Lumbermen's Exchange, bds. Wilkins W. 120, Wm S. Conrad, cigars, res. 129 The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater 130 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Appendix D These Names and Addresses are taken from the Polk's Stillwater 1930-1931 City Directory 322 E. Aspen 1008 N. Broadway 1012 N. Broadway 1020 N. Broadway 1110 N. Broadway 1116 N. Broadway 1122 N. Broadway 1204 N. Broadway 1220 N. Broadway 1312 N. Broadway 1317 N. Broadway 1320 N. Broadway 1332 N. Broadway 904 N. First 912 N. First 1002 N. First 1005 N. First 1011 N. First 1012 N. First 1015 N. First 1016 N. First 1019 N. First 1020 N. First 1023 N. First 1024 N. First 1103 N. First 1104 N. First 1106 N. First Mrs. Christine Nystrom Carl Anderson George A. Goggin Leonard H. Lentz Walter Anderson Mrs. Anna Wiberg Mrs. Mary Johnson Harry L. Kollander Mrs. Elizabeth Bergeron Henry Binker Peter Madson Arthur H. Neldberg Mrs. Mary Merritt Jens P. Jensen Hollis Jackson Henry Krause Fobey Krattley Vacant Mrs. Ida Nordeen Vacant Charles A. Johnson John L. Mardaus Ora Burgess Lansing Wilson Henry Betin Mrs. Leda Magnuson Rudolph Magnuson Carl Pufahl Walter Lawrenz Sauveur A. Cote Charles Tranter William F. Mechelke Louis Cayou Leo Doerr 131 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 1107 N. First 1118 N. First 1120 N. First 1123 N. First 1204 N. First 1214 N. First 1219 N. First 1220 N. First 1304 N. First 1312 N. First 1313 N. First 1323 N. First 1324 N. First 807 N. Fourth 821 N. Fourth 903 N. Fourth 921 N. Fourth 1001 N. Fourth 1007 N. Fourth 1117 N. Fourth 1121 N. Fourth 1223 N. Fourth George Deaner John S. Krenz Anna Krenz, dressmaker Monty H. Charlsen Bernard Menslage Walter Warner John Klatt Herman F. Lange Herman O. Millarch Carl E. Berglund Ray S. Zoller Elmer W. Larson Frank A. Mielke Chester C. Moulton Alex Peterson Berglund & Peterson Groceries Harry E. Jackson Mrs. Carrie Ogren Mrs. Albertina Otterdahl John M. Lohmann Henry Blech August W. Gast Charles A. Ludwig Gunnard Bergsten 1003 N. Second Eugene Bradt 1008 N. Second Mrs. Mathilda Gyllstrom James S. Thompson 1019 N. Second Milo F. Nelson 1020 N. Second George F. Burkhart 1101 N. Second Chris D. Lueken 1105 N. Second Rufus B. Hawkins 1106 N. Second Axel R. Holmberg 1111 N. Second August Anderson Maurice del Mas 1112 N. Second Henry A. Kottka 1115 N. Second Vacant 1116 N. Second Mrs. Ella Arthur 1121 N. Second Matthew Tradup 1124 N. Second Arthur Smithson 1202 N. Second Paul R. Raske 1206 N. Second Walter V. Schell 1209 N. Second Peter Mason 132 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 1212 N. Second 1213 N. Second 1214 N. Second 1224 N. Second 1302 N. Second 1316 N. Second 1319 N. Second 202 E. St. Croix 203 E. St. Croix 312 E. St. Croix 314 E. St. Croix 324 E. St. Croix 204 E. Stillwater 214 E. Stillwater 804 N. Third 805 N. Third 920 N. Third 1022 N. Third 1120 N. Third 1124 N. Third 1203 N. Third 1207 N. Third 1211 N. Third 120 W. Wilkin 106 W. Wilkin 209 E. Wilkin 324 E. Wilkin Mrs. Elizabeth Bentz Harry Henriksen John Peterson Edward O. Murphy Theodore F. Schilling Rudolph R. Klamann John P. Juhl William Neske Mrs. Bertha Streich William R. Jenkins Gay G. Kollander John F. Hallquist Mrs. Ottelia Jahnke John E. Roy Benjamen Underhill Ronald S. Parkhurst Alfred Leadholm Mrs. Catherine Neumeier George D. Huff Mrs. Amelia Lietz Walter Sawyer Bert J. Simon George W. Seim Mrs. Maude Conrad Theodore R. Converse Jens T. Jensen Adolph Doerr The South One -Half of the Curti Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 134 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater APPENDIX E These Names and Addresses are taken from the Polk's 1956 Stillwater City Directory 322 E. Aspen 1008 N. Broadway 1012 N. Broadway 1020 N. Broadway 1110 N. Broadway 1116 N. Broadway 1117 N. Broadway 1122 N. Broadway 1204 N. Broadway 1220 N. Broadway 1221 N. Broadway 1307 N. Broadway 1312 N. Broadway 1317 N. Broadway 1320 N. Broadway 1322 N. Broadway 1002 N. First 1005 N. First 1011 N. First 1012 N. First 1015 N. First 1016 N. First 1019 N. First 1020 N. First 1023 N. First 1024 N. First 1103 N. First 1104 N. First 1106 N. First 1107 N. First 1115 N. First 1118 N. First 1120 N. First Carl J. Anderson, Jr. Axel V. Nystrom George A. Goggin Glenn J. Goggin Walter Anderson William H. Powell Mrs. Lucille Mechelke Frank N. Steinmetz Harry L. Kollander Henry Papenfuss Ferdinand F. Westphal Edward F. Rauen Irving H. Overman Harry D. Sable Peder Madsen Floyd Johnson Vern A. Roettger Jens P. Jensen Arthur M. Moen Clarence E. Clementson George A. Johnson Alfred A. Love Mrs. Lydia Burgess Lansing A. Wilson Albert G. Betin Rudolph F. Magnuson William C. Crittenden Ralph E. Youngquist Sheldon L. Slocum Andrew J. Belisle Beatrice R. Cayou Leo Doerr George A. Deaner Robert C. Kollander Agatha A. Krenz Mrs. Esther Teed 135 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 1123 N. First 1203 N. First 1204 N. First 1.214 N First 1219 N. First 1220 N. First 1221 N. First 1304 N. First 1305 N. First 1312 N. First 1313 N. First 1323 N. First 1324 N. First 807 N. Fourth 821 N. Fourth 903 N. Fourth 921 N. Fourth 1001 N. Fourth 1007 N. Fourth 1117 N. Fourth 1121 N. Fourth 1223 N. Fourth 918 N. Second 1003 N. Second 1005 N. Second 10051/2 N. Second 1007 N. Second 1008 N. Second 1019 N. Second 1022 N. Second 1024 N. Second 1101 N. Second 1105 N. Second 1106 N. Second 1111 N. Second 1112 N. Second 1116 N. Second 1117 N. Second 1121 N. Second 1124 N. Second Albin R. Kroon Gordon E. Johnson Fred A. Hertenstein, floor sander Herman F. Lange George W. Seim, Jr. Arthur R. Strand George W. Seim Lawrence Churchill Thomas R. Ewing William A. Dietzen Andrew A. Finken Franklin A. Peterson Mrs. Anna R. Newhouse Ervin E. Balfanz North Fourth Street Store Harry E. Jackson Charles G. Mohr Emanuel S. Swanson Edward A. Gamm William E. Kalk Donald F. Wolf Harold F. Anderson William R. Mackey Mrs. Carrie D. Bergsten Howard J. Peulen Andrew N. Sjoholm Ralph H. Richardson Charles R. Ritzer Roy A. Anderson Harry Sable Robert E. Reier Roland A. Rettke, Jr. Angus D. MacDonald William F. Tuenge Charles A. Love Raymond H. Carlberg David J. Sullivan Mrs. Anna B. Kottka Charles H. Jacobs Maurice delMas Paul W. Hall Douglas M. Wahlquist 136 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 1202 N. Second 1206 N. Second 1209 N. Second 1212 N. Second 1213 N. Second 1214 N. Second 1224 N. Second 1302 N. Second 1315 N. Second 1316 N. Second 1319 N. Second 1320 N. Second 202 E. St. Croix 203 E. St. Croix 324 E. St. Croix 106 W. Stillwater 204 E. Stillwater 214 E. Stillwater 804 N. Third 805 N. Third 920 N. Third 1022 N. Third 1120 N. Third 1124 N. Third 1203 N. Third 1206 N. Third 1207 N. Third 1211 N. Third 120 W. Wilkin 106 W. Wilkin 209 E. Wilkin Raymond J. Klein Harold E. Carlson Walter V. Schell Mrs. Louise A. Mason John C. Polzin Lowell W. Plaster Richard W. Allen Robert C. Bailey Mrs. Lydia Akey Clifford T. Akey Joseph Nolde, Jr. Mrs. Alvina Klamann Herman P. Mechelke John R. Fazendin William J. Neske Paul R. Raske John F. Hallquist Vacant Lawrence P. Jahnke John Merton Albert J. Campeau Morrie A. Bolline Ronald R. Kiel Robert W. Lohman James L. Wallace Ida E. Lietz Olga E. Lietz, nurse Clayton N. Shetland Thomas R. McAvoy Bert J. Simmons Mrs. Theckla Hauck LeRoy A. Nelson Robert G. Tangeman Jens T. Jensen The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 138 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater BIBLIOGRAPHY Birds Eye Views of Stillwater, 1870 and 1879. Drawn by Albert Ruger. Originals in the Washington County Historical Society, Warden's House Museum, and the Minnesota Historical Society. Reprints available from Empson Archives, P.O. Box 791, Stillwater, MN 55082. Paul Caplazi. Unpublished manuscript, April, 1944. The Charter and Ordinances of the City of Stillwater. Compiled by C. F. Gregory, City Attorney. Stillwater, Lumberman Steam Printing Co, 1881. Fifty Years in the Northwest, by W. H. C. Folsom. Pioneer Press Company, 1888. History of the St. Croix Valley, edited by Augustus B. Easton. Chicago, H.C. Cooper Jr. & Co., 1909. History of the White Pine Industry in Minnesota by Agnes M. Larson, University of Minnesota Press, 1949. History of Washington County and The St. Croix Valley, North Star Publishing Company, Minneapolis, 1881. Homes in the Heartland; Balloon Frame Farmhouses of the Upper Midwest, 1850-1920. Fred W. Peterson, University Press of Kansas, 1992. Joseph R. Brown, Adventurer on the Minnesota Frontier, 1820-1849 by Nancy & Robert Goodman, Lone Oak Press, [1996], Minnesota. Census of Washington County, 1885 Minnesota Biographies, 1655-1912. Collections of the Minnesota Historical Society, Volume XIV. Sanborn Insurance Maps, 1884, 1891, 1898, 1904, 1910, 1924. St. Croix Union [newspaper, Stillwater, Minnesota] Sectional Map of the City of Stillwater, [1878]. There is a copy of this map hanging in the Washington County Recorder's Office. Stillwater City Directories, 1876-1964 Stillwater Daily Gazette [newspaper, Stillwater, Minnesota] 139 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Stillwater Fire Dept. Runs by Address, 1896-1906 [typescript] Stillwater Historic Contexts: A Comprehensive Planning Approach. Stillwater: Stillwater Heritage Preservation Commission, July 1993. Stillwater Gazette [newspaper, Stillwater, Minnesota] Stillwater Lumberman [newspaper, Stillwater, Minnesota] Stillwater Messenger [newspaper, Stillwater, Minnesota] Stillwater Public Library. Stillwater Building Permits [on microfilm] Stillwater Public Library. St. Croix Collection. United States. Census of Minnesota Territory. Washington County. Stillwater. United States. Census of 1860, 1870, 1880, Washington County: Stillwater. Washington County Probate Court Files. Washington County Recorder's Office: Books of Deeds, Books of Mortgages, Books of Bonds, Books of Plats. Washington County Tax Assessor's records for 1861-1900. Minnesota State Archives. Microfilm copies can be found at the Minnesota Historical. Society, and the Stillwater Public Library. 140 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater RECOMMENDATIONS The following are my recommendations for the South Half of the Carli & Schulenburg Addition. They are based on the assumption it is desirable to maintain and promote the historic character of this neighborhood. It is my belief that the long term prosperity and value of Carli & Schulenburg's Addition and Stillwater's other older neighborhoods lies in preserving their old fashioned character. This is what distinguishes Stillwater from the myriad of other suburban developments surrounding the Twin Cities, and makes Stillwater a unique place to live. LOT SIZE REQUIREMENTS During the building boom after World War II, many of the empty lots in Stillwater and some of the empty lots in Carli & Schulenburg's Addition were built upon, and today we often see blocks in which two 100-year old houses may be separated by one or two 1950's Ramblers. However, unlike other parts of old Stillwater where the housing density is higher and many of the previously empty lots have been built upon, there are still a surprising number of vacant, buildable lots in the South Half of Carli & Schulenburg's Addition. As the pressure to build within Stillwater continues, these empty lots will become a greater and greater source of temptation to developers and real estate speculators. Under the present city ordinances, any half lot of 7,500 square feet is a buildable lot. If present trends continue, more and more of these now -vacant lots will be built upon. It is quite possible that in 20-30 years, the density of the South Half of Carli & Schulenburg's Addition could double from 129 houses to 250 houses. Because there are presently no design building restrictions in Stillwater residential neighborhoods, these new houses will not only increase the density of the area — thus destroying some of its appeal — they will also add further to the architectural jumble, and obliterate what historic streetscape remains today. Because no one builds small houses any more, (and the city has no design guidelines for blending into a neighborhood) these newer houses of 2, 000-4, 000 square feet will overwhelm the small 7,500 square foot building lots, and destroy the scale of the streetscape that is one basis, albeit subtle, of Stillwater's attraction. Spacious yards and open spaces are a characteristic of 19th Century neighborhoods. 141 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition, to Stillwater I recommend the City of Stillwater change the minimum buildable lot size from 7,500 square feet to a minimum of 10,000 square feet. I also recommend the City explore the possibility of design guidelines for the older parts of Stillwater including the South Half of Carli & Schulenburg' s Addition. HISTORIC DESIGNATION n this survey, as in previous surveys, I have tried to identify homes that are significant or unique; homes that are typical of a long forgotten time; or homes that are particularly representative of Stillwater. But these surveys of mine are soon forgotten, and the significance I have ascribed to a particular dwelling may be forgotten as soon as the next owner. I urge the City of Stillwater and the Heritage Preservation Committee to initiate a process of designating and marking the historically significant houses in Stillwater. This will have the benefit of apprising the present owner that his home has value as a city landmark, and it will enable those interested in the history of the city to find the historical homes. I recommend the City of Stillwater should initiate its own historic designation for houses throughout the city that are a significant part of Stillwater's history. RAVINES j� avines are a characteristic feature of Stillwater, with its many hills eroded into mini tributaries of the St. Croix River. Ravines are unique spaces in the city. They have their own flora and fauna. They have served through the years as roads, walking paths, gardens, play areas, and treasured wild life preserves. Some are public, some are private. There are several ravines within the South Half of Carli & Schulenburg's Addition.. They form an important part of the 19th Century landscape as well as treasured spaces today. I recommend the City of Stillwater take every measure possible to preserve the ravines in their natural condition. 142 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater EDUCATION ON REMODELING OLDER HOMES rilhe city — or some local organization should make some efforts to provide information to the public on maintaining and remodeling or repairing the older homes. In Stillwater, older homes that have maintained their original integrity command a higher price than those homes have been changed from their original appearance. But the average homeowner who might be concerned about preserving the integrity of his house is presently hard pressed to find good information on how to improve or update his house without destroying it historic value. A simple brochure containing some basic guidelines to be distributed by realtors, neighborhood groups, and the city could —over a period of years-- make a substantial difference on the overall appearance of the city. THE DEMOLITION OF BUILDINGS Every year, a few more old buildings in Stillwater are demolished despite a city ordinance regulating and discouraging the process. In some cases, it is a matter of business or church expansion; in some cases it is the owners wishing to build a new house on the same lot; and in several cases lately, it has been a matter of demolishing the old house to increase the value of the lot which can then be used for a newer more expensive house. This latter situation has been particularly true of those lots with a river view. While this practice may be lucrative for the developer, I believe it detracts from the community as a whole: the old houses are part of a legacy, an inheritance, left for future generations. One of the additional steps the city might take to encourage preservation would be to have architects and builders on call that are sympathetic to repairing and restoring older houses. This might discourage one of the most frequent rationales — that the house is beyond repair — used to justify demolition. 143 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater 144. The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater A Aiple, Francis, 12 Akey, 89 Akey, Clifford T., 137 Akey, Mrs. Lydia, 137 Allen, Richard W., 137 Anderson, August, 65, 123, 132 Anderson, Birgitte, 127 Anderson, Carl, 131 Anderson, Carl J., 135 Anderson, Charles E., 123 Anderson, Harold F., 136 Anderson, Lars J., 65 Anderson, Louis P., 125 Anderson, Roy A., 136 Anderson, Walter, 88, 131,135 Arthur, Mrs., 64 Arthur, Mrs. Ella, 132 Aspen Street 214 E., 65 Aspen Street 322 E., 48, photo 49 Auction notice, 14 B i i Bailey, Robert C., 137 Balfanz, Ervin E., 136 Balfanz, Frederick, 125 Barrett, Ishmae1, 124 Baudras, Louis, 126 Beal, Catherine & Lewis, 66 Beckman, Henry, 128 Beiging, Emil, 47 Belisle, Andrew J., 135 Bentz, Mrs. Elizabeth, 132 Bergen, William, 124 Bergeron, John, 83 Bergeron, John W., 123 Bergeron, Louis & Emma, 47 Bergeron, Louis N., 123 Bergeron, Mrs. Elizabeth, 131 Bergeron, William, 124 Berglund & Peterson Groceries, 132 Berglund and Peterson Grocery Store, 83, photo, 86 Berglund, Carl E., 58,132 Berglund, Sven, 41 Bergquist, Sven, 35 Bergsten, Gunnard, 80,132 Bergsten, Mrs. Carrie D., 136 Betin, Albert G.,135 Betin, Henry, 131 Bieging, William, 60 Biele, Lena, 127 Binker, Henry W., 67, 128, 131 Bird's Eye View maps, 11, 32 Blad, Emma, 129 Blakeney, David A., 129 Blank, M. Robert, 125 Blech, Henry, 132 Biome, L., 83 Bloom, Charles, 127 Bloom, Eva, 127 Boeckeler, Adolphus, 4 Bolles Creek, 3 Bolles, George & Maria, 64 Bolles, Maria, 83,124 Bolline, Morrie A., 137 Bordwell, Benjamen B., 127 Bordwell, Fay H.,127 Bordwell, Fred & Matilda, 64 Bordwell, Frederick M., 127 Bordwell, Lester, 127 Bordwell, Lester & Lucinda, 61 Bordwell, Maud, 127 Boufford, Joseph, 128 Bradley, Ruth & Emma, 60 Bradt, Eugene, 132 Broadway 913 N., 89 Broadway 1012 N., 77 Broadway 1020 N., 88 Broadway 1023 N., 89 Broadway 1110 N., 48 Broadway 1116 N., 47 Broadway 1117 N., 88 Broadway 1122 N., 48, photos, cover, 105, 97,96,106 Broadway 1204 N., 83 Broadway 1220 N., 47 Broadway 1307 N., 88 Broadway 1312 N., 48 Broadway 1317 N., 48 145 The South One -Half of the Carli SchulenburgAddition to Stillwater Broadway 1317 N., 48 Broadway 1320 N., 34 Broadway 1322 N., 34 Brostrom, John, 124 Brostrom, Magnus, 124 Brown, Joseph R., 2, 3, 4 Bruckman, John, 126 Bruckman, Mathias, 126 Bruckman, William, 126 Burgess, Mrs. Lydia, 135 Burgess, Ora, 131 Burke, Timothy, 126 Burkhart, George F., 132 Bursch, Charles & Gusta, 64 Butler, R. L., 42 C Campbell, Joseph, 60 Campeau, Albert J., 137 Cape Breton Island, 34 Carlberg, Raymond H.,136 Carli & Schulenburg's Addition, 7 Carli and Schulenburg's Addition to Stillwater, 5 Carli, Christopher, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9,10,13, 34, 48, photo, 79 Carli, Christopher H. Jr., 48, 83 Carli, Christopher J. A., 83 Carli, Christopher, dies, 76 Carli, Joseph R., 83 Carli, Lydia, 2, 3,10, 48,123, photo, 78 Carli, Lydia Ann (Brown), 1 Carli, Lydia, dies, 82 Carli, Mattie May, 50 Carli, Mrs. May, 123 Carli, Paul, 1, 2, 3,10 Carlson, Harold E., 137 Carufel, David J., 129 Casey, Solanus, 55 Cayou, Beatrice R., 135 Cayou, Louis, 55,125,131 Cayou, Mrs. Virginia, 55,125 Chambers, Harold C., 129 Chambers, Henry J., 129 Charlottenburg, 5 Charlsen, Monty H.,132 Chicago, 1 Christenson, Martin, 129 Christianson, Hans & John, 74 Christianson, Martin & Eliza, 74 Churchill family, 58, 89 Churchill, Lawrence, 136 Clarey, John, 126 Clark, Emil & Celia, 57 Clary, John, 70 Claveaux, Louis & Caroline, 74 Clementson, Clarence E., 135 Coleman, 89 Connolly, Joseph F., 123 Conrad, Edward N., 129 Conrad, Mrs. Maude, 133 Conrad, William, 42, 74, photo, 44 Conrad, William W., 129 Consolidated Lumber Company, 88 Converse, Theodore & Minnie, 74 Converse, Theodore R., 129, 133 Cote, Sauveur A., 131 Cote, Severe, 127 Cramer, James & Angelina, 67 Crittenden, William C., 135 Cross, Erastus, 69 Curley, Sarah J., 126 Curley, Thomas H.,126 Curley, Tom, 70 Curti, Guanilla, 13 Dacotah, 2, 3, 4 Deaner, George, 131 Deaner, George A., 135 del Mas, Maurice, 132, 136 Dietzen, William A., 136 Doerr, Adolph, 123, 133 Doerr, Leo, 123, 131, 135 Dupuis, Edward, 125 Dupuis, Gilbert, 125 Dupuis, Nels, 125 Dupuis, Simon, 125 Dutchtown, 5, 30 146 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater E Elm Street, 12, 13 Elm Street hill, 76 Engler, William, 127 Erickson, John & Nels, 71 Ewing, 89 Ewing, Thomas R., 136 F Farrell, R. S., 64 Fazendin, John R.,137 Finken, 89 Finken, Andrew A., 136 First Street 904 N., 88 First Street 1002 N., 50, 65 First Street 1005 N., 77 First Street 1011 N., 58 First Street 1012 N., 58 First Street 1015 N., 58 First Street 1016 N., 60 First Street 1020 N., 60 First Street 1023 N., 57 First Street 1024 N., 50, 60 First Street 1103 N., 55 First Street 1104 N., 55, photo, 103 First Street 1107 N., 55, 57 First Street 1118 N., 50 First Street 1120 N., 55 First Street 1123 N., 60 First Street 1204 N., photo, 92 First Street 1214 N., 60 First Street 1219 N., 80 First Street 1220 N., 58 First Street 1221 N., 88 First Street 1304 N., 58 First Street 1305 N., 88 First Street 1312 N., 57 First Street 1313 N., 57 First Street 1323 N., 35, photo, 91,104 First Street 1324 N., 80 Flink, Annie, 127 Fourth Street 807 N., 58, 83, 89 Fourth Street 821 N., 71, photo, 72 Fourth Street 903 N., 41 i i Fourth Street 921 N., 42 Fourth Street 1001 N., 70 Fourth Street 1007 N., 70 Fourth Street 1117 N., 83 Fourth Street 1121 N., 18, 40, photo, 104 Fourth Street 1223 N., 80 G Gamm, Edward A., 136 Gast, August, 83 Gast, August W., 132 Gelhar, August, 128 Gelhar, August & Mary, 67 Gelhar, Frank, 128 Gelhar, Hattie M., 128 Gelhar, Paul, 128 Gerken, John J., 60 Gerson, Thomas & Emma, 61 Gilandeau, Phillip, 124 Goggin, George A., 131, 135 Goggin, Glenn J., 48,135 Graham, George, 55 Graham, George W., 125 Grant, Francis, 64 Grant, Joseph & Epiline, 61 Greff, Charles, 126 Greff, Frank, 126 Greff, Herman,126 Greff, Paul, 126 Grensing, Charles, 125 Grey Cloud Island, 2 Griffin, James Jr., 70 grocery store, 77 Guse, Christian, 127 Gyllstrom, John, 123 Gyllstrom, Magnus, 77,123 Gyllstrom, Mrs. Mathilda, 132 H Hall, Frank, 58 Hall, Frank H.,125 Hall, Paul W., 136 Hallquist, John F., 133, 137 Hamel, Joseph, 125 Hamel, William, 125 147 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Hammar, Emil, 65 Hansen, Martin, 88 Harder, Stephen & Augusta, 58 Hauck, Mrs. Theckla, 137 Hawkins, Rufus B., 132 Hawkinson, Nancy, 128 Haws, Christopher, 127 Henriksen, Harry, 132 Hertenstein, Fred A., 136 Hillman, S. T., 69 Hoffbeck, Craig & Jeannine, 82 Holmberg, Axel R., 132 Huff, George D., 133 Hughes, Daniel, 125 Hughes, James, 125 Hughes, Owen & Annie, 57,125 J Jackson, August, 42 Jackson, Charles, 126 Jackson, Charles & Lizzie, 71 Jackson, Harry E., 132, 136 Jackson, Holfis,131 Jacobs, Charles H1.,136 Jacobson, Rueben, 89 Jacobson, Servina, 126 Jahnke, John & August, 74 Jahnke, Lawrence P., 137 Jahnke, Mrs. Ottelia, 133 Jenkins, William R., 133 Jensen, Jens, 35, 70,131 Jensen, Jens P., 135 Jensen, Jens T., 133, 137 Jensen, Soren, 80 Jensen -Peterson, 89 Johnson, Aaron, 55,125 Johnson, Aaron & Augusta, 57 Johnson, Andrew, 74 Johnson, Andrew & Mary, 71 Johnson, C. O., 80 Johnson, Charles A., 58,124,131 Johnson, Edward, 83 Johnson, Elias, 123 Johnson, Floyd, 135 Johnson, George A., 135 Johnson, Gordon E., 136 Johnson, Hans,128 Johnson, Harlow, 61,127 Johnson, Hilda,129 Johnson, Hilma, 125 Johnson, Jacob, 124 Johnson, John, 124 Johnson, Mary, 128 Johnson, Mrs. Mary, 131 Johnson, Soren, 77,124 Juhl, John, 128 Juhl, John P., 133 Juhl, John P. & Ella, 80 Juhl-Mechelke-Hoffbeck, 89 Jure, Peter & John, 71 K Kalk, William E., 136 Kattenberg, Peter, 13 Keefe, Michael & Mary, 50, 60 Kiel, Ronald R., 137 King, Agnes L., 126 King, John, 125 Klamann, Mrs. Alvina, 137 Klamann, Rudolph, 133 Klatt, John, 132 Klatt, Michael, 65,128 Klein, Raymond J., 137 Kolbe, Martha T., 123 Kollander, 89 Kollander, Gay G., 133 Kollander, Harry & Frieda, 50 Kollander, Harry L., 135 Kollander, Robert C., 135 Koons, Melvin, 129 Koons, Solomon & Melvin, 69 Koons, Solomon F., 129 Korn, Ernest, 123 Korn, Julius, 123 Korn, Julius & Gusta, 47 Kottka, Henry, 64 Kottka, Henry A., 132 Kottka, Mrs. Anna B., 136 Krattley, Fobey, 131 Krause, Henry, 131 Krenz, Agatha A., 135 Krenz, Anna, 132 148 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Krenz, John S., 131 Kress, Gustaf, 48 Kress, Gustaf A., 123 Kroon, Albin R., 136 Krueger, Caroline, 126 Krueger, Frank, 126 Krueger, John A. F., 123 Krueger, Paul, 126 Kruger, Emil & Eliza, 60 Lake Street, 10, 12 Lamereaux, Charles, 69 Lammers, Nathan & Lizzie, 66 Lammers, Nathan D., 127 Lamoreaux, Peter, 64 Lange, Herman F., 132, 136 Lange, Rudolph, 60, 65,124 Larson, Elmer W., 132 Lawrenz, Walter, 131 Lawson, Ellen, 127 Leadholm, Alfred, 133 Lecuyer, Jeremiah, 124 Lecuyer, Oliver, 124 Lecyeur, Oliver & Matilda, 35 Lentz, Leonard H.,131 Lietz, Ida E., 137 Lietz, Mrs. Amelia, 133 Lietz, Olga E., 137 Lindgren, John, 42 Linner, Frank, 35, 40, 41, 42, 74 Litfin, John, 128 Litfin, Joseph, 71,128 Lohman, Robert W., 137 Lohmann, John M., 132 Lotts, James D., 126 Love, Alfred A., 135 Love, Charles A., 136 Ludwig, Charles A., 132 Lueken, Chris D., 132 Lundeen, John, 124 Lundeen, Ole, 124 Lustig, Josephine, 128 M MacDonald, Angus, 136 Mackey, William R., 136 Madsen, Peder, 135 Madson, Peter, 131 Magnuson, Mrs. Leda, 131 Magnuson, Rudolph, 131 Magnuson, Rudolph F., 135 Manthey, 57 Manthey, August & Mary, 57 Mardaus, John L., 131 Mason, Mrs. Louise A., 137 Mason, Peter, 65,132 May, John & Julia, 47 May, John S., 123 May, William, 70 Maynard, John B., 126 McAvoy, Thomas R., 137 McCarthy, Cornelius, 12 McDonald, Angus & Sarah, 66 McDonald, Clara L., 127 McDonald, Francis, 127 McDonald, Sarah, 127 McDougal, Alexander & Annie, 35 McGillis, Donald & Janice, 69 McKusick, Chester, 74 McLaughlin, Charles, 125 Mechelke, Herman P., 137 Mechelke, Mrs. Lucille, 135 Mechelke, Ruth & Herman, 82 Mechelke, William F., 131 Mehle, John, 126 Menslage, Bernard, 132 Menslage, Bernard G., 125 Merrit, John & Mary, 34 Merritt, John, 124 Merritt, Mrs. Mary, 131 Merry, Benjamen & Charlotte, 41 Merry, Charles & Ella, 41 Merton, John, 137 Mielke, Frank A., 132 Millarch, Herman 0.,132 Minnesota Chief, 16 Minnesota Commercial Company, 18, 41 Minnesota Hospital, 40 149 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Mitchell, Arthur, 126 Moen, Arthur M., 135 Mohr, Charles G., 136 Mondeau, George, 67 Moos, Christian H. & Mattie, 80 Moulton, Chester C., 132 Murphy, Bernard, 124 Murphy, Edward, 124 Murphy, Edward O., 133 Murphy, Norah, 124 Murphy, Partick J., 55 Murray, James E., 125 Murray, Martin, 55 Murray, Martin W., 125 Mystrom, John, 124 N Neldberg, Arthur H.,131 Nelson, LeRoy A., 137 Nelson, Mary, 129 Nelson, Milo F., 132 Neske, William, 133 Neske, William J., 137 Neudine, Gustave, 127 Neumann, August, 126 Neumann, August & Forencia, 58 Neumeier, Fred & Catherine, 70 Neumeier, Mrs. Catherine, 133 Newhouse, Mrs. Anna R., 136 Nielsen, Christ, 88 Nielson, Mads, 47, 50, 57, 58, 64, 65, 70, 71, 77, 80, 83,124 Noack, Carl & Annie, 57 Noack, Charles, 126 Noack, Matilda, 126 Nolde, Joseph Jr., 137 Nordeen, Mrs. Ida, 131 North Fourth Street Store, 136 Northwestern Manufacturing & Car Company, 17, 35, ads, 21, 24, 25 Nystrom, Axel V., 135 Nystrom, Mrs. Christine, 131 0 Ogren, John & Carrie, 41 Ogren, Mrs. Carrie, 132 Olsen, George W., 40 Olson, Jonas, 127 OtterdahI, Mrs. Albertina, 132 Overman, Irving H.,135 P Papenfuss, Henry, 135 Parker, Archibald T., 128 Parkhurst, R. S., 40 Parkhurst, Ronald S., 133 Pauslon, Frederick, 127 Payne, Alexander, 34 Pease, Russell, 15, 41 Pellitier, Charles & Susanna, 55 Person, Mary, 124 Peterson, Alex, 132 Peterson, Andrew W., 69 Peterson, August, 74 Peterson, Franklin A., 136 Peterson, Gustaf, 129 Peterson, John, 133 Peulen, Howard J., 136 Pische, August & James, 60 Plat map, 6 Plaster, Lowell W., 137 Poirier, Adolph, 124 Poirier, Isaac, 124 Poirier, Joseph & Emma, 58 Poirier, Joseph E., 124 Polzin, John C., 137 Powell, William H.,135 Powers, Martin, 66 Powers, Martin A., 127 Prison Hill, 76 Pufahl, Carl, 131 Q Quarry, 48, letter, 51,photos 51, 52, 53 Quincey, Arthur, 126 Quincey, Charles F., 126 Quincey, Margaret M., 126 150 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater R Rapke, Fred W., 128 Raske, Charles William & Bertha, 71 Raske, Leo, 128 Raske, Paul, 67,128 Raske, Paul R., 132, 137 Raske, William, 128 Rauen, Edward F., 135 Reed, Charles R., 127 Reier, Robert E., 136 Rettke, Roland A. jr., 136 Revord, Adolph, 124 Revord, Adolph & Adelaide, 48 Richardson, Ralph H., 136 Ritzer, Charles R., 136 Rock, Theophilus & Margaret, 50 Roepke, Fred & Hilda, 67 Roepke, Frederick, 128 Roettger, 89 Roettger, August, 125 Roettger, Vern, 135 Rohda, Robert, 128 Roy, August, 80,126 Roy, John E., 133 Roy, Joseph, 128 Roy, Oliver, 126 Ruehle, Gustav A., 80 Ruehle, Gustave A., 128 Ruehle, Henry, 128 Ruehle, Henry & Gusta, 65 Ruehle, Oscar, 128 Russell, James & Viola, 89 Russell, Peter, 69, 129 Rutke, August, 125 S Sabin, Dwight, 15, 16, 18 Sabin, George F., 70 Sable, Harry, 136 Sable, Harry D., 135 Sargent, Frank H., 129 Sargent, Londrus, 35,129 Sawyer, Walter, 133 Schell, Walter, 132 i Schell, Walter V., 137 Schilling, Theodore F., 133 Schulenburg & Boeckeler Lumber Company, 30, 35 Schulenburg and Boeckeler, 4 Schulenburg, Frederick, 4, 12 Scott, Catherine, 127 Second Street N. 918, 89 Second Street N. 921, 89 Second Street N. 1003, 61, 65 Second Street N. 1005, 66, 88 Second Street N. 1007, 66 Second Street N. 1008, 61 Second Street N. 1011, 65, 66 Second Street N. 1019, 65 Second Street N. 1024, 35 Second Street N. 1101, 66 Second Street N. 1105, 67, 83 Second Street N. 1106, 66 Second Street N. 1111, 66, 67 Second Street N. 1112, 64 Second Street N. 1116, 64 Second Street N. 1121, 67 Second Street N. 1124, 77 Second Street N. 1202, 67 Second Street N. 1206, 61 Second Street N. 1209, 65 Second Street N. 1212, 64, photo, 93 Second Street N. 1213, 88 Second Street N. 1214, 65 Second Street N. 1224, 61 Second Street N. 1302, 67 Second Street N. 1316, 67 Second Street N. 1319, 80, photo, 81, 103 Seiberlich, Julius & Agnes, 67 Seikel, Godfrey, 127 Seim, George W., 133, 136 Selm, George W. Jr., 136 Seymour, George, 15 Seymour, George M., 55 Seymour, Sabin and Company, 15, 16, 17, 35, 41, ad, 20 Shefland, Clayton N., 137 Simmons, Bert J., 137 Simon, Bert J., 133 Sjoholm, Andrew N., 136 151 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Sjoholm-Johnson, 89 Skog, Gustav, 66 Slocum, Sheldon L., 135 Smithson, Arthur, 132 Springborn, Fred, 35 St.Croix Street E. 202.71 St. Croix Street E. 203, 71 St. Croix Street E. 324, 71 Staples, Llewellyn, 60 Staples, LLewellyn, 125 Staples, N. P., 128 Staples, Nelson P., 77 State of Minnesota, 15 Steinmetz, 89 Steinmetz, Frank & Ruth, 88 Steinmetz, Frank N., 135 Steinmetz, Frank W., 88 Stevenson, 89 Stevenson, C. M., 67 Stillwater Building Association, 42, 57 Stillwater City Council, 16 Stillwater Manufacturing Company, 35 Stillwater Street E. 204, 74, photo, 105, 106 Stillwater Street E. 214, 80 Stillwater Street E. 220, 89 Stillwater Street W. 106, 88 Stinson, John J., 129 Strand, Arthur R., 136 Strandberg, Alfred, 127 Street names, 5 Streich, Mrs. Bertha, 133 Sullivan, David J., 136 Survey map, 4 Sutherland, Thomas, 70 Sutton, Ida, 67 Swanson, Emanuel S., 136 Swedish Christian Methodist Church, 83 T Tamarack House, 3 Tangeman, Robert G., 137 Taylor, William H.,128 Teed, Mrs. Esther, 135 Territorial Prison, 10, 15 Third Street 804 N., 69 Third Street 805 N., 35, photo, 36 Third Sreet 920 N., 35 Third Street N. 1022, 70 Third Street N. 1120, 69 Third Street N. 1124, 69 Third Street N. 1203, 69 Third Street N. 1207, 69 Third Street N. 1211, 83 Third Street Ravine, 76 Thompson, James S., 132 Thompson, William, 129 Tradup, Matthew, 132 Tranter, Charles, 55,125,131 Tubbs, Lonzo D., 123 Tubbs, Lydia, 83 Tuenge, William F., 136 U Underhill, Allen, 129 Underhill, Benjamen N., 129, 133 V Vesmera, Louis, 48 W Wahlquist, Douglas M., 136 Wallace, James L., 137 Warner, Walter, 132 Weldon, Ed, 64 well, 13 Westlund, Julianna & John, 80 Westphal, Ferdinand F., 135 Wiberg, Mrs. Anna, 131 Wilkin Street E. 209, 74, 88 Wilkin Street E. 324, 74 Wilkin Street W. 106, 74, photo, 75 Wilkin Street W. 120, 42, 74, photo, 43 Wilson, George, 77 Wilson, Lansing, 131 Wilson, Lansing A., 135 Wolf, Donald F., 136 Wolf, Joseph, 13 152 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater Y Youngquist, Ralph E., 135 Zaller, Alfred, 83 Ziertman, William, 35 Zoller, Ray S., 132 153 The South One -Half of the Carli Schulenburg Addition to Stillwater